BAR 



BAR 



the two heights of mercury, so corrected, 

 and subtract the less from the greater, 

 cutting off from the right-hand side of the 

 remainder three places for decimals ; so 

 shall those in the left be fathoms in whole 

 numbers, the tables of logarithms being 

 understood to be such as have seven 

 places of decimals. 



4. Correct the number last found, for 

 the difference of the temperature of the 

 air, as follows : viz. take half the sum of 

 the two temperatures of the air, shewn 

 by the detached thermometers, for the 

 mean one ; and for every degree which 

 this differs from the standard tempera- 

 ture of 31, take so many times the 435th 

 part of the fathoms above found, and add 

 them, if the mean temperature be more 

 than 31, but subtract them, if it be below 

 31; so shall the sum or difference be the 

 true altitude in fathoms, or, being multi- 

 plied by 6, it will give the true altitude in 

 English feet. 



Ex. 1. Let the state of the barometers 

 and thermometers be as follows, to find 

 the altitude ; viz. 



Thermometers, ij Barometers, 

 detached.! attached. 



57 57 29.68 lower 



42 I 43 25.28 upper 



mean 49|dif.l4 |[ 



As 9600 : 14: : 29.68: .04 



cor. 04 logs. 



mean 49| M = 29.64 - 4718782 

 stand. 31 m 25.28 - 4027771 

 dif. 18As435: 18^:: 691.011 : 29.388 

 29.388 



the altitude C 720,399 fath. 

 sought is or 4322.394 feet. 



Ex. 2. To find the altitude of a hill, 

 when the state of the barometer and 

 thermometer, as observed at the bottom 

 and top of it, is as follows ; viz. 



stand.3m =26.82 - 4284588 

 dif. 2 As 435 : 2 : r4047'90 : 1.86 



1.86 



the altitude C 4U6.65 fathoms, 

 sought is or 2439.93 feet. 



The mean height of the barometer in 

 London upon an average of two observa- 

 tions in every day in the year, kept at the 

 house of the Royal Society for many 

 years past, is 29.88 ; the medium tempera- 

 ture,or height of the thermometer,accord- 

 ing to the same, being 58. But the medi- 

 um height, at the surface of the sea, ac- 

 cording to Sir Geo. Shuckburgh, is 30.04 

 inches, the heat of the barometer being 

 55, and of the air 62. See PNEUMATICS. 



BARON, in British customs, a degree 

 of nobility next to a viscount, but the 

 highest in point of antiquity. In the 

 House of Peers, dukes, marquisses, earls, 

 viscounts, and barons, are all equal mem- 

 bers, whence they are collectively called 

 a House of Peers, or equals ; but, in 

 other respects, they claim and enjoy cer- 

 tain honours and distinctions, peculiar to 

 their respective ranks and the date of 

 their creations. See PRECEDENCE. 



The original, by writ, Camden refers to 

 King Henry III. and barons, by letters 

 patent or creation, commenced in the 

 reign of Richard 11. to these is added a 

 third kind of barons, called barons by 

 tenure. The chief burgesses of London 

 were in former times barons, before there 

 was a lord-mayor; the earl -palatines had 

 anciently their barons under them ; but 

 no barons, except those who held imme- 

 diately under the king, were peers of the 

 realm. 



BARONS of the exchequer, the four judges 

 to whom the administration of justice is 

 committed, in causes between the king 

 and his subjects, relating to matters con- 

 cerning the revenue. They were for- 

 merly barons of the realm, but of late are 

 generally persons learned in the laws. 

 Their office is also to look into the ac- 

 counts of the king, for which reason they 

 have auditors under them. 



BARON and feme, in our law, a term used 

 for the husband in relation to his wife, 

 who is called feme ; and they are deemed 

 but one person, so that a wife cannot be 

 witness for or against her husband, nor he 

 for or against his wife, except in cases of 

 high treason. 



BARON and feme, in heraldry, is when 

 the coats of arms of a man and his wife are 

 borne per pale in the same escutcheon, 

 the man's being always on the dexter 

 side, and the woman's on the sinister ; 

 but here the woman is supposed not an 

 heiress, for then her coat must be borne 

 by the husband on an escutcheon of pre- 

 tence. 



BARONS of the Cinque ports, are sixteen 

 members of the House of Commons, 



