BEE 



BEG 



piston is moved in the other direction 

 from L to d: the liquor going to O through 

 f> and coming from K through b. Three 

 of these pumps are mounted in a frame, as 

 shown in figures 1 and 2, which is inclosed 

 in a box, with a circular top A B, and the 

 handles a, b, c, project through it : the suc- 

 tion-pipes d, e,f, go through the floor in- 

 to the cellar below : the force-pipes from 

 the top of the pumps are bent, and come 

 through the side of the box where the 

 pots are held to be filled : h is a small cis- 

 tern to receive the waste, which is con- 

 veyed by a pipe to a waste butt in the cel- 

 lar: the suction-pipes pass through the 

 floor, and are carried along the ceiling un- 

 til just over the butt ; they are then bent 

 down, and jointed to the cock drove into 

 the butt in the usual manner : the pipes 

 are of lead, half an inch bore, and very 

 thin, so that they can be bent (without 

 breaking) to reach any particular place; 

 they are connected witli the cock by a 

 screw joint, shown in fig. 3 : A B is the 

 brass cock ; its outer end B cut into screw, 

 and the bore enlarged to form a socket 

 for a short brass pipe D, soldered to the 

 leaden one : a piece of leather put beween 

 the end of the cock and the shoulder of D 

 makes a tight joint ; these are kept toge- 

 ther by a collar E, embracing the should- 

 er of D, and screwing upon the end of the 

 cock : e is a stub projecting from it, by 

 which it is turned. The piston of the 

 pump consists of three plates, figures 4 

 and 5 : the middle one (which should be 

 called the piston) is cast in a piece 

 with the spindle, and fits the cylinder as 

 true as possible without touching; then 

 square pieces of leather are put on each 

 side of the piston, to form the joint, and 

 a thin plate of metal put on over the leath- 

 ers, and screwed to the piston, (as shown 

 at L, fig. 4,) holds it all fast. The body 

 of the piston, as we have said before, fits 

 the cylinder as close as possible: the leath- 

 ers are about half an inch bigger all 

 round, so that, when they are put into 

 the cylinder, their edges will turn up all 

 round, and form a dish ; and its elasticity, 

 pressing against the cylinder, prevents 

 any of the liquor getting through ; the 

 two outside plates must be the thickness 

 of the leather less all round than the cy- 

 linder, and their use is, to keep the edges 

 of the leather up against the cylinder, and 

 to hold the four screws by which the 

 leather is fastened. The back of the spin- 

 dla opposite the piston must have a pack- 

 ing of hemp drove into the space a behind 

 it, to make all tight, and the metal edges 

 of the partition, I, should fit it as closely 



vi VAAW i/ai 



as possible to work free : the valves arfi 

 pieces of leather fastened at one side of 

 the hole, and a piece of brass is rivetted to 

 them, to make them heavy enough to fall, 

 and prevent, the leather bending by the 

 pressure of the column of liquor : the top 

 of the cylinder at N is filed flat, and the 

 chamber which is a square prism,placed on 

 it with leather between, and the lid is 

 put on the upper part, and all screw- 

 ed together by four long screws, going- 

 through the lid, and the corners of 

 the chamber, and tapped into the cy- 

 linder below. When these valves want 

 repairing, the four screws are taken out, 

 and the lid can then be removed. To come 

 at the valves b, d, the cylinder lid G Q 

 can be removed, by taking out five 

 screws ; the lid has a hole turned in its 

 centre, which fits the spindle H as close 

 as possible : the hole afterwards enlar- 

 ges, and has a piece of leather (repre- 

 sented by the dark part, fig. 4,) bent 

 into a cup, so as to embrace the spindle : 

 the leather is kept in its place by a 

 perforated screw n, tapped into a pro- 

 jecting part of the lid, and pressing on 

 the leather; the suction-pipe K of the 

 pump is joined to the leaden pipes by a 

 screw joint K, so that it can be separated, 

 occasionally to remove the pump from 

 the frame. 



BEESTINGS, a term used by country- 

 people for the first milk taken from a cow 

 after calving. 



BEET. See BETA. 

 BEETLE. See SCAKABTEUS. 

 BEETLE also denotes a wooden instru- 

 ment for driving piles, 8tc. 



It is likewise called a stamper, and by 

 paviors a rammer. 



BEGGAR, one who begs alms. 

 Beggars, pretending to be blind, lame, 

 &c. found begging in the streets, are to 

 be removed by constables ; and if they 

 refuse to be so removed, shall be public- 

 ly wbipt. 



BEGONIA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Monoecia Polyandria class and order. 

 Natural order of Holoracx. Incertnc, 

 Jussieu. Essential character : male calyx 

 none ; corolla many petalled ; stamens nu- 

 merous. Female calyx none ; corolla ma- 

 ny petalled, superior ; capsule winged, 

 many seeded. There are 23 species. The 

 whole plant in the Begonias is fleshy. 

 The stem in most of the species is herba- 

 ceous ; but some of them are stevnless. 

 They are natives of Asia and America, 

 within the tropics. Three species have 

 been found on the islands near the coast 

 of Africa, but none on that continent. 



