BOTANY. 



irera ; 44. Polemonia, Phlox, Polemonium, 

 &c. with Ipomopsis of Michaux and 

 Smith ; 45. Bignonia, Chelone, Bignonia, 

 Marty ni a, and a few others; 46. Gentian.?, 

 consists of some remarkably bitter plants, 

 Gentiana, Swertia, Chlora, Lisianthus, 

 Chironia; 47. Jlpodnee, the Contorts of 

 Linnaeus, some of which belong to his 

 Pentandria, as Vinca, Nerium, Apocy- 

 num, &c. and others have been referred 

 by Dr. Smith to Gynandria, asPergularia, 

 Cynanchum, and Asclepias; 48. Sapotce, 

 Achras, Chrysophillum, Jacquinia, and 

 others. 



Class IX. Dicotyledones, of one petal, 

 inserted into the calyx. 



Orders four, 49, Guaiacanae, consisting 

 of Diospyros, Styrax, Halesia. Symplocos, 

 &c. ; 50. Rhodntkndra, as Kafmia, Rho- 

 dodendrum, Azalea; also Rhodora, Le- 

 dum, Bejaria, and Itea, which four last 

 but ill accord with the character of the 

 class, being really polypetalous ; 51. 

 Erica, as the vast genus Erica, also An- 

 dromeda, Arbutus, Pyrola, Clethra, Vac- 

 cinium, and others, several of which are 

 likewise polypetalous: 52. Campauutaceoe, 

 some of these- have distinct anthers, as 

 Campanula, Trachelium, Roella, Sccevola, 

 Phyteuma; others have the same parts 

 cohering, as Lobelia and Jasione. To 

 this order belong Dr. Smith's Goodenia 

 and Stylidium; see his introduction to Bo- 

 tany, 464. 



Class X. Dicotyledones, of one petal, 

 crowning the germen. Anthers united in- 

 to a tube. Flowers compound. Orders 

 three. 



This class comprises the Syngenesia of 

 Linnaeus, except his last order Monogy- 

 nia, which, as we have already mention- 

 ed, is now laid aside. 53. Ciciioracecc, 

 consists of such of Linnacus's order of 

 Polygamia JEqualis as have ligulate flo- 

 rets, as Sonchus, Hieracium, Leontodon, 

 Tragopogon, Catananche, &c. ; 54. Ci- 

 narocephalte, the Thistle tribe, Carthamus, 

 Carlina, Cinara, Carduus, Centaurea, of 

 which last Jussie.u makes several genera; 

 55. Cory mbif era, is a large order, contain- 

 ing the rest of the Linnxan Syngenesia, 

 most of which are radiated flowers, ex- 

 cept the first section. Examples of this 

 order are, Eupatorium, Gnaphalium, Co- 

 nyza, Senecio, Calendula, Chrysanthe- 

 mum, Artemisia, Anthenis, Bidens, He- 

 lianthus, Arctotis, besides some very 

 anomalous ones with separated flowers, 

 whose anthers are scarcely connected,as 

 Ambrosia, Xanthium, &c. 



Class XI. Dicotyledones, of one petal, 

 Crowning the germen. Anthers distinct. 



Orders three, 56. Dipsacex, the flowers 



of which are generally aggregate, as Dip- 

 sacus, and Scabiosa; Valerianahas simple 

 flowers; 57. Rubiacete, a vast order, is 

 exemplified by Galium, Rubia, Hedyotis, 

 Cinchona, Gardenia, Ixora, Coffea ; 58. 

 CaprifoUa, as Linnsea, Lonicera, Sambu- 

 cus, Cornus, Hedera. 



Class XII. Di-cotyledonesy with several 

 petals, stamens inserted upon the ger- 

 men. 



Orders two, 59. Aralice, a small order, 

 the fruit pulpy or capsular, contains chief- 

 ly Aralia, Cussonia, and Panex ; 60. Um- 

 bel'ifercc, a very large and natural order, 

 sufficiently well known to those who 

 have at all considered plants, though not 

 a favourite tribe with botanists in gene- 

 ral. Some of the chief genera are,Thap- 

 sia, Scandix, Angelica, Heracleum, Atha- 

 rnanta, Daucus, Caucalis, Bupleurum, and 

 Chcerophyllum. 



Class XIII. Dicotyledones, with several 

 petals, stamens inserted under the ger- 

 men. 



Orders twenty-two, 61. Ranunculacex, 

 the acrid tribe of Clematis, Thalictrum, 

 Anemone, Ranunculus, Helleborus, A- 

 conitum,Poeonia,Act3ea,andCimifuga; 62. 

 Papaveracece, consists of Papaver Cheli- 

 donium, and their allies; 63. Cwciferoe, 

 the great natural order of cruciform 

 plants,constituting the Linnsean Tetrady- 

 namia, as Brassica, Cheiranthus, Alys- 

 sum, Thlaspi : 64. Capparides, Cleome, 

 Capparis, &c. to which are subjoined, as 

 akin to them, Reseda, Drosera, Parnassia; 

 65. SapincK, Sapindus, Paullinia; 66. Jlce- 

 ra, ^Esculus, Acer, &c.; 67. Malpighix, 

 Bannisteria, Malpighia, and a few others. 

 These three last orders are somewhat ob- 

 scurely defined ; 68. Hyperica, consists 

 of Ascyrum Brathys, and Hypericum ; 

 69. Guttifera, an original order of Jus- 

 sieu's, and a very natural one, contains 

 Gambogia, Clusia, Garcinia, Mammea, 

 Calophyllum. and some others; 70 JLitran- 

 tia, Citrus, Limonia, Murraea, genera re- 

 markable, for the pellucid spots in their 

 leaves probably exemplify this order, to 

 which are added among others Thea and 

 Camellia ; 71. Jlfeli<e, a very natural order, 

 of which the tubular nectarium bearing 

 the stamens is the principal character, as 

 Turnea Aitonia, Trichilia, Melia, Swiete- 

 nia, and Cedrela, the two last are kinds of 

 mahogany ; 72. Vites, consists only of 

 Cissus and Vitis : 73. Gerania, consists of 

 Geranium (including Pelargonium and 

 Erodiumof L'Merritier) and Monsonia, to 

 which are subjoined, as akin to them, Tro- 

 poeolum, Impatiens, and Oxalis ; 74. 

 Malvaceae, Malra, Lavatcra, Hibiscus, and 

 others, constituting 1 the Monodelphia class 



