BRU 



BRU 



ther, and are pendulous. The calyx is 

 ferruginous, the corolla scarlet, the sta- 

 mens yellowish. This species grows in 

 hilly and woody places in America. B. 

 rosa is also an American shrub, or small 

 tree, with an ash-coloured bark, opposite 

 leaves, which are entire and smooth on 

 both sides. The flowers are borne in a 

 kind of aggregate manner, so as to form 

 heads or bunches of the size of one's h'si. 

 They are red, and make a very beautiful 

 appearance. The stamens are extremely 

 long. It gnuvs chiefly in hilly situations. 



BROWNISTS, a sect of Christians, 

 the name given for some time to those 

 who were afterwards known in England 

 and Holland under the denomination of 

 Independents. It arose from a Mr. Ro- 

 bert Brown, whose parents resided in 

 Rutlandshire, though he is said to have 

 been born at Northampton ; and who, 

 from about 1571 to 1590, was a teacher 

 amongst them in England, and at Middle- 

 burgh, in Zealand. He was a man of fa- 

 mily, of zeal, of some abilities, and had 

 a university education. The separation, 

 however, does not appear to have origina- 

 ted in him ; for, by several publications 

 of those times, it is clear that these sen- 

 timents had, before his day, been em- 

 braced and professed in England, and 

 churches gathered on the plan of them. 



This denomination did not differ in 

 point of doctrine from the church of Eng- 

 land, or from the other Puritans ; but they 

 apprehended that, according to scripture, 

 every church ought to be confined within 

 the limits of a single congregation, and 

 have the complete power of jurisdiction 

 over its members, to be exercised by the 

 elders within itself, without being subject 

 to the authority of hishops, synods, pres- 

 byteries, or any ecclesiastical assembly, 

 composed of the deputies from different 

 churches. Under this name, though they 

 always disowned it, were ranked the 

 learned Henry Ainsworth, author of the 

 " Annotations on the Pentateuch," &c. ; 

 the famous John Robinson, a part of whose 

 congregation from Leyden, in Holland, 

 made the first permanent settlement in 

 North America; and the laborious Canne, 

 the author of the "Marginal References 

 to the Bible." 



BRUCEA, in botany/m honour of James 

 Bru< e, Esq. the famous traveller, a genus 

 of the Uioecia Tetrandria class and order. 

 Essential character: calyx four- parted ; 

 corolla four-pctalled ; female pericarpium 

 four, one-seeded. There is but one spe- 

 cies. B. ferruginea is a shrub of a mid- 

 dling size, with an upright stem; the 



bark is ash-coloured, branches few, alter 

 nute, round, patulous, and thick. Leaves 

 alternate, spreading, unequally pinnate, 

 consisting of six pairs of opposite lobes, 

 one foot in length. Spikes of mule flow- 

 ers solitary ; the flowers are crowded to- 

 gether, either sessile or on very short pe- 

 dicles, of an herbaceous colour, tinged 

 with red or russet. It is a native of Abys- 

 sinia, where it is known by the name of 

 wooginoos. The root is a specific in the 

 dysentery. It is a plain, simple bitter, 

 without any aromatic or resinous taste, 

 leaving in thethroatand palate adisagree- 

 able roughness. 



BRUCHUS, in natural history, a genus 

 of insects of the order Coleoptera. Ge- 

 neric character : antennae filiform ; feel- 

 ers equal, filiform ; lip pointed. Gmelin 

 enumerates 27 species. This genus con- 

 sists in general of small insects. The 

 most remarkable is the B. pisi : shell 

 black, spotted with white ; tail with two 

 black dots; thighs slightly toothed; is 

 the usual inhabitant of the common pea. 

 When the pea is boiled for the table, it 

 contains this insect in the larva state. 



BRUMALES, in botany, an epithet ap- 

 plied to plants which flower in our win- 

 ter. These are common about the Cape. 



BRUNFELSIA, in botany, so named in 

 honour of Otho, or Otto Brnnfelsus, a ge- 

 nus of the Didynamia Angiospermia. 

 Natural order of Personatse. Solaneae, 

 Jussieu. Essential character : five-tooth- 

 ed, narrow ; corolla with a very long 

 tube ; capsule one-celled, many-seeded, 

 with a very large fleshy conceptaele. 

 There are two species, of which B. Ame- 

 ricana is a tree, growing from ten to fif- 

 teen feet in height. The trunk is smooth 

 and even, and the branches loose. Leaves 

 alternate, entire, smooth, and shining ; 

 corolla yellow, very sweet scented, hav- 

 ing a tube four or five inches in length. 

 It grows naturally in Jamaica, and most 

 of the sugar islands in the West Indies, 

 whence they call it trumpet flower. B. 

 undulata is also a native of Jamaica. 



BRUNIA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Pentandria Monogynia class and order. 

 Natural order of Aggregate. Rhamni, 

 Jussieu. Essential character: flowers 

 aggregate ; filaments inserted into the 

 claws of the petals; stigma bifid ; seeds 

 solidary, two-celled. There are three 

 species. B. lanaginosa, heath-leaved Bru- 

 nia, resembles Lc visunns abrotaroides, 

 ami has the nectareous chink, us in that. 

 Tne stem is about a foot high, und shrub- 

 In . The leaves linear-filiform, smooth, 

 short, with black tips. The flowers, 



