BUD 



BUI 



within, about three to six inches from 

 the bottom, that they may first furnish 

 branches near the ground : for half stand- 

 ards, at the height of three or four feet ; 

 and for full standards, at from about five 

 to six or seven feet high ; the stocks be- 

 ing trained accordingly. The necessary 

 implements and materials for this pur- 

 pose are, a small budding knife for pre- 

 paring the stocks and buds for insertion, 

 having a flat thin haft to open the bark of 

 the stocks in order to admit the buds ; 

 and quantity of new bass strings well 

 moistened, to tie them with. In perform- 

 ing the operation of budding, the head 

 of the stock is not to be cut off, as in 

 grafting, but the bud inserted into the 

 side, the head remaining entire till the 

 spring afterwards, and then cut off. A 

 smooth part on the side of the stocks at 

 the proper height, rather on the north 

 side away from the sun, should be chosen; 

 and then with the knife an horizontal cut 

 made across the rind, and from the mid- 

 dle of that cut a slit downwards about two 

 inches in length, in the form of the letter 

 T, being careful lest the stalk be wound- 

 ed. Then, having cut off the leaf from 

 the bud, leaving the foot-stalk remaining, 

 make a cross-cut about half an inch be- 

 low the eye, and with the knife slit off the 

 bud with part of the wood to it, some- 

 what in the form of an escutcheon, pull- 

 ing off that part of the wood which was 

 taken with the bud, being 1 careful that 

 the eye of the bud be left with it, as 

 all those buds which lose their eyes 

 in stripping should be thrown away as 

 good for nothing : then having gently 

 raised the bark of the stock, where the 

 cross incision was made with the flat haft 

 of the knife clear to the wood, thrust the 

 bud in, placing it smoothly between the 

 rind *na the wood of the stock, cutting 

 off any part of the rind, belonging to the 

 bud, which may be too long for the slit ; 

 and after having exactly fitted the bud to 

 the stock, tie them closely round with 

 bass strings, beginning at the under part 

 of the slit and proceed to the top, taking 

 care not to bind round the eye of the 

 bud, which should be left open and at 

 liberty. When the buds have been in- 

 serted about three weeks or a month, 

 examine which of them have taken ; 

 those which appear shrivelled and black 

 being dead, but such as remain fresh and 

 plump are joined; and at this time loosen 

 the bandage, which, if not done in time, 

 is apt to pinch the stock, and greatly in- 

 jure, if not destroy, the bud. The March 

 following, cut off the stock about three 

 inches above the bud, sloping it, that the 



wet may pass off, and not enter into the 

 stock. To the part of the stock which is 

 left, some fasten the shoot which pro- 

 ceeds from the bud, to prevent the dan- 

 ger of its being blown out, but tiiis must 

 continue no longer than one year ; after 

 which it must be cut off close above the 

 bud. that the stock may be covered by it. 



BUFF, in commerce, a sort of leather 

 prepared from the skin of the buffalo, 

 which, dressed with oil, after the manner 

 of shammy, makes what vre call buft-skin. 

 This makes a very considerable article in 

 the French, English, and Dutch com- 

 merce at Constantinople, Smyrna ; and all 

 along the coast of Africa. The skins of 

 elks, oxen, and other like anmials, when 

 prepared after the same manner as that 

 of the buffalo, are likewise called buffs. 



BUFFALO, in zoology, an animal of 

 the ox kind, with very large, crooked, 

 and resupinated horns. See Bos. 



BUFFONIA, in botany, so named in 

 honour of the Count de Buffon, a genus 

 of the Tetrandria Dygyma class and order. 

 Natural order of Caryophillei. Essential 

 character : calyx four- leaved ; corol four 

 petalled ; capsules one-celled, two seed- 

 ed. There is but one species, viz. B. te- 

 nuifolia ; small buffonia, or bastard chick- 

 weed, has an annual root, the stem half a 

 foot in height, upright,commonly branch- 

 ed at the base; leaves in pairs at each 

 joint, resembling grass leaves, but when 

 the plant is in flower, they are dry and 

 shrivelled ; stamens two, sometimes four; 

 filaments very slender, shorter than the 

 corolla, fastened to the receptacle ; an- 

 thers saffron coloured : the capsule splits 

 at top into two hearts; seeds blackish. 

 It is a native of England, France, Italy, 

 and Spain. It flowers in May and June. 



BUFO, toad. See RAKA. 



BUG. See CIMKX. 



The hcnrsebug, or cimexlectuarius, so 

 extremely troublesome about beds, is of 

 a roundish figure, and of a dark cinna- 

 mon colour. One of the best methods 

 for extirpating these insects from bed- 

 steads is, by thoroughly washing all the 

 parts where they are likely to lodge with 

 a solution of muriated mercury, or, as it 

 is called in the shops, corrosive sublimate. 

 Great caution should be had in the use of 

 this mixture, as it is one of the most 

 deadly poisons known. 



BUGINVILLJEA, in botany, a genus 

 of the Octandria Monogynia class and or- 

 der. Corolla inferior, tubular, four tooth- 

 ed ; stamina inserted on the receptacle ; 

 fruit one-seeded. One species, B. specta- 

 bilis, found at the Brazils. 



BUILDING, a fabric erected by art, 



