BUL 



BUL 



Lalves of a bullet, joined by a bar or 

 chain. 



The diameter of a leaden bullet, weigh- 

 ing one pound, is 1.69 inches, according 

 to Sir Jonas Moore ; or, by a table in 

 Midler's " Treatise of Artillery," 1.672 

 inches : and the diameter of any other 

 bullet is found by dividing 1.69 inches by 

 the cube root of the number, which ex- 

 presses how many of them make a pound; 

 or by subtracting continually the third 

 part of the logarithm of the -number of 

 bullets in the pound, from the logarithm 

 .2278867 of 1.69, and the difference will 

 be the logarithm of the diameter requir- 

 ed. Thus the diameter of a bullet, of 

 which 12 make a pound, will be found by 

 subtracting 359/270, a third part of 

 1.0791812 the logarithm of I2,fiom the 

 given logarithm .2278867 ; or because 

 this logarithm is less lhan the former, 

 an unit must be added, so as to have 

 1.2278867 ; and then the difference 

 8681597 will be the logarithm of the 



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 il- 



-hat 

 for, 



diameter sought, which is .738 inches, 

 observing that the number found vvi]' ue 

 always a decimal, because the nurii'-.i-r 

 subtracted is greater than the other. 

 may also deduce the diameter of u ; 

 let from its given weight, provided 

 the specific gravity of lead -s known 

 since a cubic foot of lead \vvig is li^*5 

 ounces, and 678 is to 355 as .he cube uf 

 a foot, or 12 inches, i. e. 1728 to the con- 

 tent of a sphere, which is therefore 

 59.9.7 ounces : and since spheres a. as 

 the cubes of their diameters, 'he we.^ht 

 59^.9. 7 is to 16 ounces, or one pound, as 

 the cube 1728 is to the cube of the d.ame- 

 ter of a sphere, which weighs s x ^ 11 

 ounces, or one pound ; which cube is 

 4.66 63, and its root is 1.6706, the diame- 

 ter sought. 



By the rule above laid down is calcu- 

 lated the following table, shewing the di- 

 ameters of leaden bullets, from 1 to 39 in 

 the pound. 



TABLE. 



The upper horizontal column shews 

 the number of bullets to a pound; the 

 second their diameters; the third, the 

 diame ers of those of 10, 11, 12, &c. and 

 the fourth those of 20, 21, 22, &c. and the 

 last, those of 30, 31, 32, &c. 



The government allows 11 bullets in 

 the pound ibr the proof of muskets, and 

 14.5 in the pound, or <:9 in two pounds, 

 for service , 17 for the proof of carabines, 

 and 20 for service ; and 28 in the pound 

 for proof of pistols, and 34 for service. 



The diameter of musket bullets differs 

 but -jU-h part from that of the musket- 

 barrel; for if the shot but just rolls into 

 the barrel, it is sufficient Cannon bul- 

 lets or balls are of different diameters and 

 weights, according to the nature of the 

 piece. 



BULLION, uncoined gold or silver in 

 the mass. 



Those metals are called so, either when 

 smelted from the native ore, and not per- 



VOL. ill 



fectly refined ; or when they are perfect- 

 ly refined, but melted clou n in bars or 

 ingots or in am -un wrought bod)", ot any 

 decree of fineness 



When gold and silver are in their puri- 

 ty, they are so soft and flexible, that they 

 cannot well be brought into any fas ; on 

 for use, without being first reduced and 

 hardened with an alloy of some other 

 baser metal. 



To prevent those abuses, which some 

 might be tempted to commit in the mak- 

 ing of such alloys, the legislators of civi- 

 lized countries have ordained, that there 

 shall be no more than a certain propor- 

 tion of a baser metal to a particular q .an- 

 tity of pure gold or silver, in or-:t t to 

 make them of the finem ss of what is 

 called the standard gold or silver Oi such 

 a country. 



According to the laws of England, ull 

 sorts of wrought olate inger-.rai ought 

 to be made to the legal standard ; and the 



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