CAR 



CAR 



and attitudes as they are differently af- 

 fected and suitably engaged, in every 

 composition. 



CARTOUCHE, in architecture, and 

 sculpture, an ornament representing a 

 scroll of paper. It is usually a flat mem- 

 ber, with wavings, to represent some 

 inscription, device, cypher, or ornament 

 of armoury. They are, in architecture, 

 much the same as modillions ; only these 

 are set under the cornice in wainscot- 

 ting, and those under the cornice at the 

 eaves of a house. 



CARTOUCHE, in the military art, a case 

 of wood, about three inches thick at the 

 bottom, girt with marlin, holding about 

 four hundred musket balls, besides six or 

 eight balls of iron, of a pound weight, to 

 be tired out of a howitzer, for the defence 

 of a pass, &c. 



A cartouche is sometimes made of a 

 globular form, and filled with a ball of a 

 pound weight; and sometimes it is made 

 for the guns, being of ball of half or quar- 

 ter pound weight, according to the nature 

 of the gun, tied in form of a bunch of 

 grapes, on a tompion of wood, and coated 

 over. 



CARTRIDGE, in the military art, a 

 case of paste board or parchment, holding 

 the exact charge of a fire arm. Those 

 for muskets, carabines, and pistols, hold 

 both the powder and ball for the charge : 

 and those of cannon and mortars are 

 usually in cases of pasteboard or tin, some- 

 times of wood, half a foot long, adapted 

 to the calibre of the piece. 



CARTRIDGE box t a case of wood or turn- 

 ed iron, covered with leather, holding a 

 dozen musket cartridges. It is worn 

 upon a belt, and hangs a little lower than 

 the right pocket hole. 



CARTS, laws relating to. Carts for the 

 carriage of any thing, to and from any 

 place where the streets are paved within 

 the bills of mortality, shall contain six 

 inches in the felly : the name of the 

 owner must be on some conspicuous part, 

 and his name entered with the commis- 

 sioners of the hackney coaches, under 

 the penalty of 40s. and any person may 

 seize and detain such cart till the penalty 

 is paid. On changing property, the names 

 are to be altered, and new entries made. 

 Every driver of a cart riding upon it, 

 without having a person on foot to guide 

 it, shall forfeit 20s. if he is the owner, and 

 10s. if he is the servant only. 



CARUM, in botany, English caraway, 

 a genus of the Pentandria Digynia class 

 and order. Natural order of Umbellatac. 

 Essential character : fruit ovate, oblong, 

 striated ; involucre, one-leaved ; petals 



keeled, inHex-emarginate. There is but 

 one species, viz. C. carui, common cara- 

 way, a biennial plant ; it has a taper root 

 like a parsnip, but much smaller, run- 

 ning deep into the ground, sending out 

 many small fibres, and having a strong 

 aromatic taste. It is particularly cultivat- 

 ed in Essex. 



CARUNCULA, in anatomy, a term de- 

 noting a little piece of flesh, and applied 

 to several parts of the bocty : thus, Carun- 

 cula lacrymalis, a little eminence situated 

 in the larger angle, or canthus of the eye, 

 where there are also sometimes hairs and 

 certain little glands. 



CARUS, in midicine, a sudden depri- 

 vation of sense and motion, affecting the 

 whole body. 



CARYATIDES, or CARIATES, in archi- 

 tecture, a style of columns or pilasters, 

 invented by the Greeks, under the figure 

 of women, dressed in long robes, after 

 the manner of the Carian people, and 

 serving instead of columns, to support 

 the entablature. The caryatides should 

 always have their legs pretty close to 

 each other, and even across, or one 

 athwart the other ; their arms laid flat to 

 their bodies, or to the head ; and as little 

 spread as possible : when they are in- 

 sulated, they should never have any great 

 weight to support; and they ought al- 

 ways to appear in characters proper to 

 the place they are used in. 



CARYOCAR, in botany, a genus of the 

 Polyandria Tetragynia class and order. 

 Essential character: calyx five-parted; 

 petals five ; styles usually four ; drupe 

 with four nuts, reticulated with furrows. 

 There is but one species, viz, C. nticife- 

 rum, a tall tree, with ternate leaves. 

 Native of Berbice and Essequebo. 



CARYOPHYLLJEUS, in natural his- 

 tory, a genus of the Vermes Intestina. 

 Body round ; mouth dilated and fringed. 

 One species, riz. C. piscium, which in- 

 habits the intestines of various fresh wa- 

 ter fish, particularly the carp, tench, and 

 bream. The body is of a clay colour, 

 about an inch long, rounded at the hind 

 part and broader before. 



CARYOPHYLLUS, in botany, English 

 clove-tree, a genus of the Polyandria Mono- 

 gynia class and order. Natural order of 

 Hesperidese. Myrti, Jussieu. Essential 

 character : corolla four-petalled ; calyx 

 four-leaved, duplicate ; berry one-seed- 

 ed, inferior. One species, viz. C. aroma- 

 ticus, clove-tree, rises to the height of a 

 common apple-tree, but the trunk gene- 

 rally divides at about four or five feet 

 from the ground into three or four large 

 limbs which grow erect, and are cover- 



