CHI 



CHI 



and the sides to be closed with two up- 

 vight bars. The brush is introduced 

 through the opening of the cloth, which 

 opening is then to be buttoned, and one 

 of the rods is to be passed up the cord 

 into the socket on the lower end of the 

 rod which supports the brush ; the other 

 rods are in like manner to be brought up 

 one by one in succession, till the brush is 

 raised somewhat above the top of the 

 chimney, observing to keep the cord 

 constantly tight, and when those rods 

 which have a screw in the socket are 

 brought up, they are to be placed on the 

 purchase ; the cord is to be put round the 

 pulley, and drawn very tight, and screw- 

 ed down, by which all the rods above 

 will be firmly connected together, and 

 the whole may be regarded as one long 

 flexible rod. In pulling the machine 

 down, the edges of the brush, striking 

 against the top of the chimney, will cause 

 it to expand, and there being a spring to 

 prevent its contracting again, it will bring 

 down the soot with it. In drawing down 

 the machine, the person should grasp 

 with his left hand the rod immediately 

 above that which he is separating with 

 his right hand, to prevent the upper 

 ones from sliding down too soon. The 

 rods, as they are brought down, are to be 

 laid carefully one by one in as small a 

 compass as possible, and arranged like a 

 bundle of sticks. 



This machine has been found useful in 

 extinguishing fires in chinmies : for that 

 purpose a coarse cloth is to be tied 

 over the brush, dipped in water, and 

 then passed up in the manner directed. 

 After three years experience, Mr. Smart's 

 machine has been found, in a great mea- 

 sure, to answer the purposes for which it 

 was intended ; in the course of several 

 thousand trials, it is ascertained that not 

 more than one or two chimnies, at most, 

 in a hundred, has resisted the passage of 

 the brush. It is, however, of importance 

 to observe, that the invention cannot be 

 deemed in a state of perfection ; soot 

 from some coals adheres so strongly to the 

 sides of the chimney, and chimney-pot, 

 that no brush will of itself bring it down, 

 so that after a considerable time it may 

 be expected that means must be found 

 to scrape off* the soot, as the climbing 

 boys now generally do : we wish, there- 

 fore, that such an addition to the appa- 

 ratus could be devised, as should remedy 

 this defect. It is well known that one 

 cause of the smoking of chimnies is from 

 the circumstance, of the top of the chim- 

 ney-pot being clogged with soot that ad- 

 heres to the upper edge, which it is cer- 



tain Mr. Smart's brush Las in many 

 instances failed to remove. He has done 

 much to obviate an evil long complained 

 of: an evil that has deprived of health? 

 and eventually of life, a multitude of per- 

 sons in their youth, that might for a long 

 course of years have been useful to the 

 Community, and we wish to see in his 

 hands the invention, so honourable to his 

 talents, rendered still more useful by be- 

 ing more perfect. He has attained, with 

 regard to making his brush ascend the 

 chimney, all that can be expected, and 

 instead of bringing up infants to climb 

 the fiftieth or hundredth chimney, which 

 on accottnt of the direction of the flue no 

 apparatus can be made to ascend, other 

 means may be adopted. 



CHIOCOCCA, in botany, a genus of 

 the Pentandria Monogynia class and or- 

 der. Natural order of Aggregate. Rhu- 

 biacex, Jussieu. Essential character : 

 corolla funnel-form, equal ; berry one- 

 celled, two-seeded, inferior. There are 

 two species. C.racemosa, climbingsnow- 

 berry-tree, or David's root, is a native of 

 the West -Indies ; and C. barbata, a native 

 of the Marquesas, Society and Friendly 

 Islands, in the South Sea. 

 . CHIONANTHUS, in botany, fringe, or 

 snowdrop tree, a genus of the Diandria 

 Monogynia class and order. Natural or- 

 der of Sepiarise. Jasminex, Jussieu. Es- 

 sential character : corolla'quadrifid, with 

 the divisions extremely long : drupe with 

 a striated nut. There are four species, 

 of which C. Virginica, Virginia fringe- 

 tree, or snowdrop-tree, is common in 

 .South-Carolina, where it grows by the 

 sides of rivulets,, and is rarely, more than 

 ten feet high : the leaves are as large as 

 those of the laurel, but are of a much 

 thinner substance : the flowers come out 

 in May, hanging in long bunches, of a 

 pure white colour, whence the inhabi- 

 tants call it snowdrop-tree ; and the 

 flowers being cut into narrow segments, 

 they give it the name of fringe-tree. 

 This beautiful tree is one of the Ameri- 

 can plants in the highest esteem in Eu- 

 rope, and is always eagerly sought and 

 cultivated in the gardens of the curious. 

 CHIROMANCY, a species of divina- 

 tion, drawn from the different lines and 

 lineaments of a person's hand ; by which 

 means it is pretended the inclinations 

 may be discovered. 



CHIRONIA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Pentandria Monogynia class and order. 

 Natural order of Rotacese. Gentianx, 

 Jussieu. Essential'character : corolla ro- 

 tated ; pistil declinate ; stamens on the 

 tube of the corolla ; anthers finally spiral ; 



