CHO 



CHB 



constitute any given interval, are as fol- 

 low : to assign such part of a chord 

 A B as shall constitute any concord ; for 

 example, a fifth, or any other interval, 

 with the whole chord : divide the line 

 A B into as many parts as the greatest 

 number of the interval has units; thus 

 the fifth being 2: 3, the line is divided 

 into 



C 



\ 



13 



three parts : of these take as many as 

 the lesser number 2 = A C, then is A C 

 the part sought ; that is, two lines whose 

 lengths are to each other as A B to A C, 

 make a fifth. Hence, if it be required to 

 find several different sections of the line 

 A B, for instance such as shall be octave, 

 fifth or third greater; reduce the given 

 ratios 1 : 2, 2 : 3, and 4 : 5 to one funda- 

 mental,the series becomes 30 : 24, 20 : 15, 

 the fundamental is 30, and the sections 

 sought are 24 the third greater, 20 the 

 fifth, and IS the octave. 



To divide a chord A B in the most 

 simple manner, so as to exhibit all the 

 original concords. Divide the line into 

 two equal parts at C, and subdivide the 

 part C D into equal parts at D, and again 

 the part C D into equal parts at E. 

 C E D 



A- 



I I I 



Here A C : A B is an octave, A C : A D 

 a fifth, A D : A B a fourth, A C : A E a 

 third greater ; A E : A D a third less ; 

 A E : E B a sixth greater; A E : A B a 

 sixth less. 



CHORD is also used in music for the note 

 or tone to be touched or sounded : in this 

 sense the fifth is said to consist of five 

 chords or sounds. 



C, HORDOSTYLUM, in botany, a genus 

 of the Cryptogamia Fungi. Fungus te- 

 nacius; on a very long, tough, slightly 

 branched stem ; head globular, some- 

 what deciduous, bearing the seeds. There 

 are fire species. 



CHORION, in anatomy, the exterior 

 membrane which invests the foetus in the 

 uterus. 



CHOROGRAPHY, the art of deline- 

 ating or describing some particular coun- 

 try or province : it differs from geogra- 

 phy, as a description of a particular coun- 

 try differs irom that of the whole earth ; 

 and from topography, as a description of 

 a country differs from that of a town or 

 district. 



rjlOROIDES, in anatomy, an epithet 



of several membranes, which on account 

 of the multitude of their blood-vessels 

 resemble the chorion. 



Choroides denotes the coat of the eye 

 placed immediately under the sclerotica. 

 It is very full of vessels, and coloured 

 black. 



CHORUS, in dramatic poetry, one o? 

 more persons present on the stage during 

 the representation, and supposed to be 

 by-standers, without any share in the ac- 

 tion. Tragedy in its origin was no more 

 than a single chorus, who trod the stage 

 alone, and without any actors, singing di- 

 thyrambics or hymns in honour of Bac- 

 chus. Thespis, to relieve the chorus, 

 added an actor, who rehearsed the ad- 

 ventures of some of their heroes ; and 

 jEschylus, Ending a single person too 

 dry an entertainment, added a second, 

 at the same time reducing the singing of 

 the chorus, to make more room for the 

 recitation. But when once tragedy began 

 to be formed, the recitative, which at first 

 was intended only as an accessory part, to 

 give the chorus a breathing time, became 

 a principal part of the tragedy. At length, 

 however, the chorus became inserted and 

 incorporated into the action: sometimesit 

 was to speak, and then their chief, whom 

 they called Coryphaeus, spoke in behalf of 

 the rest : the singing was performed by 

 the whole company ; so that when the 

 Coryphxus struck into a song, the chorus 

 immediately joined him. 



The chorus 'sometimes also joined the 

 actors, in the course of the representa- 

 tion, with their plaints and lamentations 

 on account of any unhappy accidents 

 that befel them : but the proper function, 

 and that for which it seemed chiefly re- 

 tained, was to show the intervals of the 

 acts : while the actors were behind the 

 scenes, the chorus engaged the specta- 

 tors ; their songs usually turned on what 

 was exhibited, and were not to contain 

 any thing but what was suited to the 

 subject, and had a natural connection 

 with it ; so that the chorus concurred 

 with the actors for advancing the ac- 

 tion. In the modern tragedies the cho- 

 rus is laid aside, and the music supplies 

 its place. 



CHORUS, in music, is when, at certain, 

 periods of a song, the whole company are 

 to join the singer in repeating certain 

 couplets or verses. 



CHRISTIANITY, the religion of Chris- 

 tians, who derive their name from the 

 founder, Christ, so denominated from the 

 Greek word %pia } I anoint, from the cus- 



