COL 



COL 



ciety of fellows, who, upon St. Andrew's 

 day, if it falls on a Thursday, if not, on the 

 first Thursday after, elect seven counsel- 

 lors, who chuse the president and the 

 other officers for the ensuing year. By 

 their charter, the president and censors 

 have power to convene before them all 

 persons that presume to practise physic 

 within the city of Edinburgh, or the liber- 

 tiesthereof, without the license of the Col- 

 lege ; and to fine them in five pounds 

 sterling. They are also impowered to vi- 

 sit apothecaries' shops, and examine 

 apothecaries themselves ; with several 

 other rights and privileges. 



COLLEGE Sion, or the College of the 

 London clergy, was formerly a religious 

 house, next to a spittal, or hospital, and 

 now it is a composition of both, -viz. a col- 

 lege for the clergy of London, who were 

 incorporated in 1631, at the request of Dr. 

 White, under the name of the president 

 and fellows of Sion College ; and an hospi- 

 tal for ten poor men, the first within the 

 gates of the house, and the latter without. 

 This College consists of a president, two 

 deans, and four assistants, who are annu- 

 ally chosen from among the rectors and 

 vicars in London, subject to the visitation 

 of the bishop. They have one of the 

 finest libraries in England, built and stock- 

 ed by Mr. Simpson, chiefly for the clergy 

 of the city, without excluding other stu- 

 dents on certain terms ; they have also a 

 hall with chambers forthe students, gener- 

 ally filled with the ministers of the neigh- 

 bouring parishes. 



COLLEGE, Gresham, or COLLEGE of 

 philosophy, a College founded by Sir Tho- 

 mas Gresham, who built the Royal Ex- 

 change, a moiety of the revenue whereof 

 he gave in trust to the Mayor and Com- 

 monalty of London, and their sucessors 

 for ever, and the other moiety to the Com- 

 pany of Mercers ; the first, to find four 

 able persons to read in the College, divini- 

 ty, astronomy, music, and geometry ; and 

 the last, three or more able men to read 

 rhetoric, civil law, and physic ; a lecture 

 upon each subject is to be read in term- 

 time, everyday, except Sundays, in Latin, 

 in the forenoon, and the same in English 

 in the afternoon : only the music lecture 

 is to be read alone in English. 



COLLEGE of Heralds, or COLLEGE of 

 Jlrn.s, commonly cailed the Heralds Of- 

 fice, a corporation founded by charter of 

 King Richard III. who granted them se- 

 veral privileges, as, to be free from subsi- 

 dies, tolls, offices, &c. They had a second 

 charter from King 1 Edward VI.; and a 

 house built near Doctors' Commons bv 



the Earl of Derby, in the reign of King 

 Henry VII. was given them by the Duke 

 of Norfolk, in the reign of Queen Mary, 

 which house is now rebuilt. This College 

 is subordinate to the Earl Marshal of Eng- 

 land. They are assistants to him in his 

 court of chivalry ; usually -held in the com- 

 mon hall of the College, where they sit in 

 their rich coats of his Majesty's arms. 



COLLEGE of Heralds, in Scotland. The 

 principal person in the Scottish Court of 

 Honour, is Lyon King at Arms, who has 

 six heralds and six pursuivants, and a 

 great number of messengers at arms un- 

 der him, who, together, make up the 

 College of Heralds. The Lyon is oblig- 

 ed to hold two peremptory courts in the 

 year, at Edinburgh, on the 6th of May 

 and the 6th of November, and to call 

 officers of arms and their cautioners be- 

 fore him upon complaints ; and, if found 

 culpable upon trial, to deprive and fine 

 them and their cautioners. L.VOTI and 

 his brethren, the heralds, have power to 

 visit the arms of noblemen and gentle- 

 men, and to distinguish them with dif- 

 ferences, to register them in their books, 

 as also to inhibit such to bear arms, as by 

 the law of arms ought not to beur ;.bem, 

 under the pain of escheating to the King 

 the thing whereon the arms are found, 

 and of a hundred marks Scots to Lyon 

 and his brethren ; or of imprisonment 

 during Lyon's pleasure. The College of 

 Heralds are the judges of the malversa- 

 tion of messengers, whose business is to 

 execute summonses and letters of dili- 

 gence for civil deb^, real or personal. 



COLLEGE of Cardinals, sometimes call- 

 ed the Sacred College, a body composed 

 of the three orders of Cardinals. 



COLLET1A, in botany, a genus of the 

 Pentandria Monogynia class and order. 

 Corolla campanulate, furnished with five 

 scale-like folds ; calyx none ; fruit three 

 grained. One species, found in the Bra- 

 zils. 



COLLIERS, vessels employed to carry 

 coals from one port to another, principal- 

 ly from the northern parts of England to 

 the capital, and more southern parts, and 

 foreign markets. Their trade is known 

 to be an excellent nursery for seamen. 



COLLTNSON1A, in botany, a genus of 

 the D : andria Monogynia class and order. 

 Leaves ovate, glabrous ; stem glabrous. 

 Two species, found in North America. 



COLLYRIUM, in pharmacy, a topical' 

 remedy for disorders of the eyes. 



COLOGNE earth, a substance used in 

 painting, much approaching to amber in 

 its structure, and of a deep brown. It has 



