CRI 



not be changed. They are sole judges 

 of all outs and ins, of all fair or unfair 

 play, of all frivolous delays, of all hurts, 

 whether real or pretended, and are dis- 

 cretionally to allow what time they think 

 proper before the game goes on again. 

 In case of a real hurt to a striker, they 

 are to allow another to remain, and the 

 person hurt to come in again ; but are 

 not to allow a fresh man to play on either 

 side on any account. They are sole 

 judges of all hinderances, crossing the 

 players in running, and standing unfair 

 to strike ; and in case of hinderance, may 

 order a notch to be scored. They are 

 not to order any man out, unless appeal- 

 ed to by one of the players. Those laws 

 are to the umpires jointly. 



Each umpire is the sole judge of all 

 nips and catches, ins and outs, good or 

 bad runs, at his own wicket, and his de- 

 termination shall be absolute, and he 

 shall not be changed for another umpire 

 without the consent of both sides. When 

 the four balls are bowled, he is to call 

 over. These laws are separately. 



When both umpires call play three 

 times, it is at the peril of giving the 

 game from them that refuse to play. 



CRIME, the transgression of the law, 

 either natural or divine, civil or eccle- 

 siastic. 



Civilians distinguish between crimen 

 and delictum. By the first, they mean 

 capital offences injurious to the whole 

 community, as murder, perjury, &c. the 

 prosecution of which was permitted to 

 all persons, though no ways immediately 

 interested. By the latter, they under- 

 stand private offences committed against 

 individuals, as theft, &c. By the laws, no 

 body was allowed to prosecute in these, 

 except those interested. 



With us crimes are distinguished into 

 capital, as treason, murder, robbery, &c. 

 and common, as perjuries, &c. Again, 

 some crimes are cognizable by the King's 

 judges, as the above mentioned ; and 

 others are only cognizable in the spiri- 

 tual courts, as simple fornication. 



CRIMNOIDES, or CRIMOIDES, among 

 physicians, a term sometimes used for the 

 sediment of urine resembling bran. 



CRIMSON, one of the seven red co- 

 lours of the dyers. See DYEING. 



CKINODENURUM, in botany, a genus 

 of the Monadelphia Decandria class and 

 order. Essential character : calyx none : 

 corolla bell-shaped, s'ix-petal!ed ; capsule 

 one celled, gaping elastically at top. 

 There is but one species, viz. C. patagua, 

 a beautiful evergreen branchy tree, with 



a body seven feet in diameter. It is a 

 native of Chili. 



CRINUM, in botany, a genus of the 

 Hexundria Monogynia class and order. 

 Natural order of Spathacese. Narcissi, 

 Jussieu. Essential character; corolla fun- 

 nel-form, monopetalous, six-parted, three 

 alternate segments unciate ; germ at the 

 bottom of the corolla, covered; stamina, 

 distant. There are six species. 



CR1THMUM, in botany, a genus of 

 the Pentandria Digynia class and order. 

 Natural order of Umbellatae. Essential 

 character: fruit oval, compressed; florets 

 equal. There are three species. 



CRITICISM, from the Greek word 

 jtg*va>, signifies, in general, the art of 

 judging ; but in its more restrained and 

 usual sense, denotes the art of judging 

 with propriety concerning the nature of 

 literary compositions. 



Notwithstanding the ignorance and in- 

 solence which have occasionally disgraced 

 the writings of professed critics of minor 

 rank, and notwithstanding the sneers of 

 one of the wittiest of English authors 

 against what he denominates the " cant 

 of criticism," and his memorable eulo- 

 gium of those, " who are pleased they 

 know not why, and care net wherefore," 

 the art of criticism is founded in nature, 

 and every man of thinking mind is led to 

 the practice of that art. The merits or 

 demerits of literary works are a perpe- 

 tual subject of comment, and the intelli- 

 gent reader is not contented with refer- 

 ring to his own immediate feelings as the 

 grounds of his verdict, but appeals to 

 certain principles, which he regards as 

 established, and which he quotes as the 

 guides of opinion. When, after we have 

 perused a poem, or attended at the re- 

 presentation of a play, we call to mind 

 what has pleased and what has displeas- 

 ed us in the whole, or in the parts of 

 it, we exercise criticism in its simplest 

 form ; but when, at the call of a laudable 

 curiosity, or in order to enable ourselves 

 to detail the reasons of our admiration or- 

 of our disappointment, we attentively 

 examine those reasons, we rise into the 

 regions of philosophy ; and the princi- 

 ples which are founded on the basis of 

 philosophy can alone constitute the stand- 

 ard of true taste. 



If these principles be the rules by 

 which the intelligent reader forms his 

 decision upon the character of an author's 

 writings, it is evident that the writer, 

 who would wish to please the intelligent, 

 must conform himself to the laws which 

 are established by their sanction. It is 

 true, indeed, that the promulgation 



