ENTOMOLOGY. 



as cannot be folded up by the insect : or, 

 2. PJkatiies, or folding, such as can be 

 foli led up by the insect at pleasure. 3. 

 Er. ctze, erect, such as have their superior 

 surfaces brought into contact, and stand 

 upright when the insect is at rest. 4. 

 Pat'entes, spreading ; such as are extend- 

 ed horizontally. 5. Incumbentes, incum- 

 bent ; such as rest on the upper part of 

 the abdomen 6. DeHexae, bent down ; 

 such as are partly incumbent, but have 

 their exterior edge inclined towards the 

 sides of the abdomen 7. Reverse, re- 

 versed ; such as are incumbent, but in- 

 verted. 8. Dentatae, such as have their 

 edges notched or serrated. 9. Caudatae, 

 such as have processes extended from 

 their extremities like a tail. 10. Reticu- 

 lalae, netted; when the vessels of the 

 wiisgs put on the appearance of net-work. 

 11 Pictx, puinred; such as are marked 

 with coloured spots, bands, streaks, lines, 

 or dots. 12. Notatae, marked with specks. 

 13. Ornatae, adorrud with little eves, Or 

 circular spots, containing a spot of a dif- 

 ferent colour in their centre : the central 

 spot is termed pupil; the exterior one is 

 called iris; this may happen either in the 

 primary or secondary wings, on their up- 

 per or under surfaces : the superior wing 

 is called primary, and the inferior secon- 

 dary, to avoid confusion, as they may be 

 at times reversed. The elytra are hard 

 shells, occupying the place of the upper 

 wings. They are for the most part move- 

 able, and are either, 1 Trnncata, trun- 

 cated, when shorter than the abdomen, 

 and terminated by a transverse line. 2. 

 Spinosa, or prickly, when their surfaces 

 are covered with sharp points or prickles. 

 3. Serrata, serrated, when their edges 

 are notched. 4. Scabra, rough, when 

 their surface resembles a file. 5. Striata, 

 striated, when marked with slender lon- 

 gitudinal furrows. 6. Porcata, ridged, 

 when marked with elevated ridges. 7. 

 Sulcata, furrowed. 8. Punctata, marked 

 with dots. 9. Fastigiata, when formed 

 like the roof of a house. The hemelytra, 

 as it were half-elytra, partaking partly of 

 the nature of crustaceous shells, and 

 membranaceotis wings, being formed of 

 an intermediate substance. Halteres, or 

 poisers, are small orbicular bodies placed 

 on stalks, situated under the wings of in- 

 sects, of the order Diptera. 



(11.) Pedes, the legs, are divided into, 

 1. Femur, or thigh, that part which is 

 joined to the trunk. 2. Tibia, or shank. 

 3. Tarsus, or foot. 4. Ungues, hooks or 

 nails. 5. Manus, (chela,) hands or claws, 

 simple, with a moveable thumb, as in 

 the crab, The hind legs are termed, 1. 



Cursorii, formed for running. 2. Salta- 

 ton., formed ibr leaping 3. Nattorii, 

 formed for swimming. 



(Ill.)Cauda, the tail, which terminates 

 the abdomen, is 1. Solitaria, i. e. single. 



2. Bicornis, i. e. two-horned, or double. 



3. Simplex, simple, i. e. unarmed. 4,. 

 Armata, i. e. furnished : 1. with forceps 

 or pincers : 2. with furca, a fork : 3. with 

 one or more setae, or bristles : 4 with an 

 aculeus, or sting, either smooth or barb- 

 ed. A sting is a weapon frequently hol- 

 low, with which some insects are furnish- 

 ed, and through which they discharge a 

 poison into the wound they inflict. 



The sexes of insects are commonly two, 

 male and female. Neuters are to be met 

 with among those insects which live in 

 swarms, such as ants, bees, &c. 



The majority of insects are observed 

 to be annual, finishing the whole term 

 of their lives in the space of a year or 

 less, and man} do not live half that time ; 

 na\ , there are some which do not sur- 

 vive many hours ; but this latter period 

 is to be understood only of the animals 

 when in their complete or ultimate form, 

 for tne larvae of such as are of this short 

 duration have in reality lived u very long 

 tune under water, of which they are na- 

 tives ; and it is observed, that water in- 

 sects, in general, are of longer duration 

 than land insects. Some few insects, 

 however, in their complete stale, are 

 supposed to live a considerable time, as 

 bees for instance ; and it is well known 

 that some of the butterfly tribe, though 

 the major part perish' before winter, will 

 yet survive that season in a state of tor- 

 pidity, and again appear and fly abroad 

 in the succeeding spring; spiders :.re 

 also thought to live a considerable time, 

 and some species of the genus cancer 

 are said to live several years, especially 

 the common lobster, &c. : it should be 

 observed, however, that these animsls, in 

 the opinion of some modern naturalists, 

 constitute a different tribe of beings from 

 insects properly so called. Linnaeus has 

 divided insects into seven orders 1. Co 

 LEOPTEUA ; II. HEMUPTEHA ; 111 LEPIDOP- 

 TERA ; IV. NEUROPTEUA; V. HYMEXOP- 

 TEHA; VI. DU-IERA; VII. APTERA, which 

 see : and from these the several genera 

 are referred to. 



ENTRY, in law, is the taking possession 

 of lands or tenements, where the party 

 has a title of entry, or an immediate 

 right to possess them. This may be in 

 person, or by attorney, or is an entry in 

 law, which is merely the making con- 



