GEN 



GOO 



Joud, harsh, and clanging. It is never in- 

 troduced, except on occasion of giving a 

 rational cast to the music in which it is 

 employed, or to awaken surprise, and 

 rouse the attention of the company. 



GENIOMETRY, a method of measur- 

 ing angles with a pair of compasses, and 

 that without any scale whatever, except 

 an undivided semicircle. Thus, having 

 any angle drawn upon paper to be mea- 

 sured, produce one of the sides of the 

 angle backwards behind the angular point; 

 then with a pair of fine compasses de- 

 scribe a pretty large semicircle from the 

 angular point as a centre, cutting the 

 sides of the proposed angle, which will 

 intercept a part of the semicircle. Take 

 then this intercepted part very exactly 

 between the points of the compasses, 

 and turn them successively over upon 

 the arc of the semicircle, to find how of- 

 ten it is contained in it, after which there 

 is commonly some remainder : then take 

 this remainder in the compasses, and in 

 like manner find how often it is contained 

 in the last of the integral parts of the 

 first arc, with again some remainder : 

 find in like manner how often this last 

 remainder is contained in the former; 

 and so on continually, till the remainder 

 become too small to be taken and applied 

 as a measure. By this means is obtained 

 a series of quotients, or fractional parts, 

 one of another, winch, being properly 

 reduced into one fraction, give the ratio 

 of the first arc to the semicircle, 01 of 

 the proposed angle to two right angles, 

 or 180 degrees, and consequently that 

 angle itself in degrees and minutes. Thus, 

 suppose the angle BAG (plate VI. Mis- 

 cellany, fig. 4.) be proposed to be mea- 

 sured. Produce B A out towards/, and 

 from the centre, A, describe the semicir- 

 cle a b ef, in which a b is the measure 

 of the proposed angle. Take a b in the 

 compasses, and apply it four times on 

 the semicircle, as at b, c, d, and e ; then 

 take the remainder f e, and apply it back 

 upon e d, which is but once, viz. at g ; 

 again, take the remainder^ d, and ap- 

 ply it five times on ge> as at h, z, k, /, and 

 m; lastly, take the remainder me, and 

 it is contained just two times in m I. 

 Hence the series of quotients is 4, 1, 5, 2 ; 

 consequently the fourth, or last arc, e m t 

 is the third, ml of g d ; and therefore 



the third arc g d, is or _^.ths of the 



second arc, ef; and therefore, again, this 

 VOL. VI. " 



second arc, e /, is y-^-, or .L| of the first 

 arc, a b ; and consequently this first arc, 

 a b, is 1 , or ^|ds of the whole semi- 

 circle a / But ijds of 180 are 37 j, or 

 37 8' 34|", winch therefore is the mea- 

 sure of the angle sought. 



GONIUM, in natural history, a genus 

 of the Vermes Infusoria. Worm very 

 simple, flat, angular, invisible to the na- 

 ked eye. There are five species, of which 

 G. pectorale is quadrangular, pellucid, 

 with sixteen spherical molecules. It is 

 found in pure water : molecules oval, 

 nearly equal in size, set in a quadrangu- 

 lar membrane, like diamonds in a ring, 

 the lower ones larger than the rest. 



GONORRHCEA. See MEDICINE. 



GOODEN1A, in botany, so called in 

 honour of the Rev. Samuel Goodenough, 

 F. R. S. a genus of the Pentandria Mono- 

 gynia class and order. Natural order of 

 Campanulacex, Jussieu. Essential cha- 

 racter: corolla longitudinally cloven on 

 the upper side, exposing the organs of 

 fructification; border five-cleft, leaning 

 one way ; anther linear ; stigma cup r 

 shaped, ciliated ; capsule two-celled, two- 

 valved, with a parallel partition ; seeds 

 many, imbricated. There are nine spe- 

 cies. These plants are all natives of New 

 South Wales, about Port Jackson. 



GOOD behaviour, in law. Surety for 

 good behaviour, is the bail for any per- 

 son's good conduct for a certain time ; as 

 surety for the peace is a recognizance ta- 

 ken by a competent judge of record for 

 keeping the King's peace. 



Justices of the peace may also bind 

 persons of evil fame to their good beha- 

 viour, &c. 34 Edward III. c. 1. This 

 statute being penned in such general 

 words, seems to empower justices, not 

 only to bind over those who seem to 

 be notoriously troublesome, and likely 

 to break the peace, as eves-droppers, &c. 

 but also those who are publicly scanda- 

 lous, or contumers of justice, &c. as 

 haunters of bawdy houses, or keepers of 

 lewd- women in their own houses, com- 

 mon drunkards, or those wh/ sleep in the 

 day, and go abroad jn the night, or such 

 as keep suspicious company, or such 

 are generally suspected as robbers, 

 such as speak contemptuous words of 

 inferior magistrates, as justices of the 

 peace, mayors, &c. not being in the ac- 





