GUA 



GUA 



are words often used, and well under- 

 stood. 



GUARD, advanced, is a party of either 

 horse or foot, that marches before a more 

 considerable body, to give notice of any 

 approaching danger. 



When an army is upon the march, the 

 grand guards which should mount that 

 day serve as an advanced guard to the ar- 

 my : in small parties six or eight horse 

 are sufficient, and these are not to go 

 above four or five hundred yards before 

 the party. 



An advanced guard is also a small body 

 of twelve or sixteen horse, under a cor- 

 poral or quarter-master, posted before 

 the grand guard of a camp. 



GUARD, artzttery, is a detachment from 

 the army, to secure the artillery : their 

 corps de garde is in the front, and their 

 Gentries round the park. This is a forty- 

 eight hours guard: and upon a march they 

 go in the front and rear of the artillery, 

 and must be sure to leave nothing behind. 

 If a gun or wagon break down, the cap- 

 tain is to leave a part of his guard to as- 

 sist the gunners and matrosses in getting 

 it up again. 



GUARD, main, that from whence all the 

 other guards are detached. 



Those who are to mount the guard 

 meet at their respective captain's quar- 

 ters, and go from thence to the parade ; 

 where, after the whole guard is drawn up, 

 the small guards are detached for the 

 posts and magazines ; and then the subal- 

 tern officers throw lots for their guards, 

 and are commanded by the captain of the 

 main guard. 



GUARD, piquet, a good number of horse 

 and foot always in readiness in case of an 

 alarm : the horse are all the time saddled, 

 and the riders booted. The foot draw up 

 at the head of the battalion, at the beat- 

 ing of the tattoo ; but afterwards return 

 to their.tents, where they hold themselves 

 in readiness to march upon any sudden 

 alarm. This guard is to make resistance, 

 in case of an attack, till the army can get 

 ready. 



GUARD boat, a boat appointed to row 

 the rounds among the ships of war in any 

 harbour, to observe that their officers 

 keep a good look-out, calling to the guard- 

 boat as she passes, and not suffering her 

 crew to come on board, without having 

 previously communicated the watch-word 

 of the night. 



GUARD irons, are curved bars of iron 

 placed over the ornamental figures on a 

 ship's head or quarter, to defend them 

 from injury. 



VOL. VJ. 



GUARD ship, a vessel to superintend the 

 marine affairs in a harbour or river, and 

 to see that the ships which are not com- 

 missioned have their proper watch duly 

 kept ; she is also to receive seamen who 

 are impressed in time of war : she gene- 

 rally has an admiral's flag at one of her 

 mast's head. 



GUARD, in fencing, is a posture proper 

 to defend the body from an enemy's 

 sword. 



There are four general guards of the 

 sword; to form a perfect idea of which, 

 we must suppose a circle drawn on a 

 wall, and divided into four cardinal points, 

 viz. top and bottom, right and left. When 

 the point of the sword is directed to the 

 bottom of the circle, with the hilt oppo- 

 site to its top, the body inclining very for- 

 ward, this is called the prime or first 

 guard. The second guard, by many im- 

 properly called the tierce, is when the 

 point is directed to the right or second 

 point of the same circle, with the hilt of 

 the sword turned to the left, and the bo- 

 dy proportionably raised. The tierce, or 

 third guard, is v when the point of the 

 sword is raised to the uppermost part of 

 the same circle ; in which case the body, 

 the arm, and the sword, are in their na- 

 tural position, and in the mean of the ex- 

 tremes of their motion. The quart, or 

 fourth guard, is when the point of the 

 sword is directed to the fourth point of 

 the circle, descending to the right as far 

 as one-fourth of the tierce, with the out- 

 ward part of the arm and the flat of the 

 sword turned towards the ground, and the 

 body out of the line to the right, and the 

 hilt of the sword towards the line to the 

 left. There is also a quint, or fifth guard, 

 which is only the return of the point of 

 the sword to the right, after traversing 

 the circle to the point of the prime from 

 whence it had departed, with a different 

 disposition of the body, arm, and sword. 

 The common centre of all those motions 

 ought to be in the shoulder. 



In all these kinds of guards there are, 

 the high-advanced, high-retired, and 

 high-intermediate guard, when disposed 

 before the upper part of the body, either 

 with the arm quite extended, quite with- 

 drawn, or in a mean state. The mean- 

 advanced guard, or simply mean guard, is 

 when the sword is placed before the mid- 

 dle part of the body. The low-advanced, 

 retired, or intermediate guards, are those 

 where the arm and sword are advanced, 

 withdrawn, or between the two extremes, 

 before the lower part of the body. 



GUARDIAN, in law. A guardian is 





