HAZ 



HEA 



holes under the bow, through which the 

 cables run when she lies at anchor. Thus 

 the hawse-pieces are the large pieces of 

 timber in which these holes are made. 

 Hawse-bags, are bags of canvass made 

 tapering, and stuffed full of oakum ; which 

 are generally allowed small ships, to pre- 

 vent the ship from washing in at these 

 holes : and hawse-plugs, are plugs to stop 

 the hawses, to prevent the water from 

 washing into the manger. 



There are also some terms in the sea 

 language that have an immediate relation 

 to the hawses. As " a bold hawse," is 

 when the holes are high above the wa- 

 ter. " Fresh the hawse," or veer out 

 more cable, is used when part of the ca- 

 ble that lies in the hawse is fretted or 

 chafed, and it is ordered that more cable 

 may be veered out, so that another part 

 of it may rest in the hawses. " Fresh the 

 hawse," that is, lay new pieces upon the 

 cable in the hawses, to preserve it from 

 fretting. " Burning in the hawse," is 

 when the cables endure a violent stress. 

 '< Clearing the hawes," is disentangling 

 two cables that come through different 

 hawses. " To ride havves-full," is when 

 in stress of weather the ship falls with 

 her head deep in the sea, so that the wa- 

 ter runs in at the hawses. 



HAZARD, a game on dice, without ta- 

 bles. It is played with only two dice ; and 

 as many may play at it as can stand round 

 the largest round table. 



Two things are chiefly to be observed, 

 viz. main and chance; the latter belong- 

 ing to the caster, and the former, or main, 

 to the other gamesters. There can be no 

 main thrown above nine, nor under five ; 

 so that five, six, seven, eight, and nine, 

 are the only mains flung at hazard. 

 Chances and nicks are from four to ten : 

 thus four is a chance to nine, five to eight, 

 six to seven, seven to six, eight to five; 

 and nine and ten a chance to five, six, se- 

 ven, and eight : in short, four, five, six, 

 seven, eight, nine, and ten, are chances 

 to any main, if any of these nick it not. 

 Now nicks are either when the chance is 

 the same with the main, as five and five, or 

 the like ; or six and twelve, seven and 

 eleven, eight and twelve. Here observe, 

 that twelve is out to nine, seven, and five ; 

 eleven is out to nine, eight, six, and five ; 

 and ames-ace and deuce-ace, are out to 

 all mains whatever. 



But to illustrate this game by a few ex- 

 amples : suppose the main to be seven, 

 and the caster throws five, which is his 

 chance ; he then throws again, and if five 

 turn up, he wins all the money set him ; 

 but if seven is thrown, he must pay as 



much money as there is on the board : 

 again, if seven be the main, and the cast- 

 er throws eleven, or a nick, he sweeps 

 away all the money on the table ; but if 

 he throws a chance, as in the first case, 

 he must throw again : lastly, if seven be 

 the main, and the caster throws ames ace, 

 deuce-ace, or twelve, he is out: but if he 

 throws from four to ten, he hath a 

 chance ; though they are accounted the 

 worst chances on the dice, as seven is re- 

 puted the best and easiest main to be 

 flung. Four and five are bad throws (the 

 former of which being called, by the 

 tribe of nickers, little dick-fisher) as hav- 

 ing only two chances, viz. trey-ace and 

 two deuces, or trey-deuce and quatre- 

 ace : whereas seven hath three chances, 

 viz. cinque-deuce, five-ace, and quatre- 

 trey. Nine and ten are in the like condi- 

 tion with four and five ; having only two 

 chances. Six and eight have indeed the 

 same number of chances with seven, viz. 

 three ; but experienced gamesters never- 

 theless prefer the seven, by reason of the 

 difficulty to throw the doublets, two qua- 

 tres, or two treys. It is also the opinion 

 of most, that at the first throw the caster 

 hath the worst of it. On the whole, haz- 

 ard is certainly one of the most bewitch- 

 ing and ruinous games played on the 

 dice. Happy, therefore, the man, who 

 either never heard of it, or who has re- 

 solution enough to leave it off in time. 

 See CHANCES and GAMING. 



HAZLE. See COHYLLUS. 



HEAD. See ANATOMY. 



HEADBORROW, or HEADBOROUGH ; 

 the chief of the frank pledge, and he 

 that had the principal government of 

 them within his own pledge. He was 

 called also burrowhead, bursholder, 

 third-burrow, tithing-man, chief-pledge, 

 or borrow-elder. He is now occasionally 

 called a constable. 



HEALTH, is a right disposition of the 

 body, and of all its parts r consisting in a 

 due temperature, a right conformation, 

 just connection, and ready and free ex- 

 ercise of the several vital functions. 



HEARING. See SOUND. 



The organ of hearing is the ear, and 

 particularly the auditory nerve and mem- 

 brane. See ANATOMY and PHYSIOLOGY. 



HEAT. The laws, according to which 

 the temperature of bodies is subjrQt to 

 increase or diminution, have been dis- 

 cussed in the articles CALORIC, CAPACITY, 

 COLD, COMBUSTION, and CHEMISTRY. In 

 the first of these articles, caloric was con- 

 sidered as a substance capable of passing 

 from body to body, and subsisting in them 

 -in different states. This is the general 



