HUR 



HUE 



obligation : I wish not men to think them- 

 selves indebted tome,because I have been 

 merely just. Conscience is not within the 

 jurisdiction of human laws. I guarantee 

 to you, for myself and my successors, 

 not only the intendance, but also the 

 perfect freedom and inviolability of your 

 worship. The Protestants hare always 

 proved themselves to be good citizens, 

 and faithful subjects of the law. Though 

 I do not profess their religion, tell them 

 that I place them in the circle of my best 

 friends !" 



Thus are the once despised and perse- 

 cuted Huguenots raised from situations of 

 suffering and wretchedness, to that rank 

 in society, which is the unalienable right 

 of every honest man, be his religious 

 principles what they may. 



HULK, in sea language, a name given 

 to any old vessel laid by as unfit for ser- 

 vice. In the royal ports they are used for 

 the accommodation of a ship's company, 

 while their own vessel is in dock under 

 repair. 



HULL, in the sea language,is the main 

 body of a ship, without either masts, 

 yards, sails, or rigging. Thus, to strike 

 a hull in a storm is to take in her sails, and 

 to lash the helm on the lee side of the 

 ship ; and to hull, or lie a hull, is said of a 

 ship whose sails are thus taken in, and 

 helm lashed a-lee. 



HUMANITIES, in the plural, signify 

 grammar, rhetoric, and poetry, known 

 by the name of liter f humaniores,- for 

 teaching of which there are professors in 

 the universities of Scotland, called hu- 

 manists. 



HUMERUS, in anatomy, the upper part 

 of the arm, between the scapula and el- 

 bow. See ANATOMY. 



HUMIDITY. See HYGROMETER. 



HUMMING bird. See TROCHILUS. 



HUMULUS, hops, in botany, a genus of 

 the Dioecia Pentandria class and order. 

 Natural order of Scabridae. Urticae, Jus- 

 sieii. Essentisl character : male, calyx 

 five-leaved; corolla none: female, calyx 

 one-leafed, spreading obliquely, entire ; 

 corolla none ; styles two ; seed one, with- 

 in a leafed calyx. There is but one spe- 

 cies, viz. H. lupulus, HOPS, which see. 



HUR A, in botany, a genus of "the 

 Monoecia Monadelphia class and order. 

 Natural order of Tricoccat. Euphorbiae, 

 Jussieu. Essential character: male, 

 ament imbricated ; perianth truncated ; 

 Corolla none; filaments cylindrical, peltate 

 at the tip, surrounded by very many an- 

 thers in pairs : female, calyx and corolla 

 none ; style funnel-form ; stigma twelve- 



cleft ; capsule twelve-celled ; seed one. 

 There is but one species, viz. H. crepi- 

 tans, sand-box tree. This grows natu- 

 rally in the Spanish West Indies, from 

 whence it has been introduced into the 

 British colonies of America, where some 

 of the plants are preserved by way of 

 curiosity. It is about twenty-four feet 

 in height, dividing into many branches, 

 which abound with a milky juice. The 

 fruit is very curious in its structure, and 

 the tree, when it grows well, is spreading, 

 and sometimes casts a shade forty feet 

 in diameter ; from the quickness of its 

 vegetation, its parts are of so loose a 

 texture, that a loud clap of thunder, 

 or a sudden gust of wind, frequently 

 causes the largest boughs to snap asun- 

 der; the trunk is of little use, except 

 for fire-wood. 



HURDLES, in fortification, twigs of 

 willows or osiers interwoven close toge- 

 ther, sustained by long stakes, and usually 

 laden with earth. Hurdles, called also - 

 clays, are made in the figure of a long 

 square ; the length being five or six feet, 

 and the breadth three, or three and a 

 half: the closer they are woven, the bet- 

 ter. They serve to render batteries firm, 

 or to consolidate the passage over muddy 

 ditches : or to cover traverses and lodg- 

 ments, for the defence of the workmen, 

 against the fire-works or the stones that 

 may be thrown against them- 



HURDLES, in husbandry, certain frames, 

 made either of split timber, or of hazel- 

 rods wattled together, to serve for gates 

 in inclosures, or to make sheep-folds. &c. 



HURRICANE, a furious storm of 

 wind, owing to a contrariety of winds. 

 See article WIND and WHIRLWIND. 

 Hurricanes are frequent in the West In- 

 dies, where they make terrible ravages, 

 by rooting up trees, destroying houses 

 and shipping, and the like. The natives, 

 it is said, can foretell hurricanes by the 

 following prognostics : 1. All hurricanes 

 happen either on the day of the full, 

 change, or quarter of the moon. 2. From 

 the unusual redness of the sun, the great 

 stillness, and at the same time, turbulence 

 of the skies, swelling of the sea, and the 

 like,happening at the change of the moon, 

 they conclude there will be a hurricane 

 next full-moon ; and if the same signs be 

 observed on the full moon, they may ex- 

 pect one next new moon. As to the cause 

 of hurricanes, they undoubtedly arise 

 from the violent struggle of two oppo- 

 site winds. Now as the wind betwixt 

 the tropics is generally easterly, and up- 

 on the sun's going back from the northern 



