HYA 



HYD 



tion, as of a bond or obligation to the 

 wife, he can only claim them as admi- 

 nistrator to his wife, if he survive her. If 

 the wife survive the husband, she shall 

 have for her dower the third part of all 

 his freehold lands : so she shall have her 

 term for years again, if he have not al- 

 tered the property during his life : so 

 also she shall have again all other chat- 

 tels real and mixed ; and so things in 

 actipn, as debts, shall remain to her, if 

 they were not received during the mar- 

 riage : but if she elope from her hus- 

 band, and go away with her adulterer, 

 she shall lose her dower; unless her 

 husband had willingly, without coercion 

 ecclesiastical, been reconciled to her, and 

 permitted her to cohabit with him. 



HUSBAND ship's, the owner who takes 

 the direction and management of a ship's 

 concerns upon himself, the other owners 

 paying him a commission for his trou- 

 ble. 



HUSBANDRY. See AGRICULTURE. 



HUSO. See ACIPENCER. 



HUSTINGS. This court is held before 

 the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of Lon- 

 don. Error or attaint lies there, of a 

 judgment or false verdict in the Sheriff's 

 court. Other cities and towns, as York, 

 Lincoln, &c. also have had a court of the 

 same name. 



HYACINTH, in mineralogy, a species 

 of the zircon genus : the colour is red, 

 which passes through various shades into 

 orange yellow, and from the yellow it 

 passes into greenish grey, and greenish 

 white. It occurs in grains, and likewise 

 crystallized : its specific gravity is from 

 4 to 4.6. Different specimens have been 

 analized; one from the island of Ceylon 

 contained, 



Zircon - 70 



Silica ------ 25 



Oxide of iron - - - - 0.50 



Loss 



95.50 

 4.50 



100 



When exposed to the blow-pipe it loses 

 its colour, but not its tranparency : it is 

 infusible, exepting with borax, which 

 converts it into a white transparent glass. 

 If exposed to heat made by oxygen gas, 

 it melts into a greyish white giass bead. 

 It is found chiefly in the sand at Ceylon, 

 though some specimens have been ob- 



tained is various parts of the continent of 

 Europe. It will take a fine polish, and 

 when very pure is highly esteemed. 



HYAC1NTHUS, in botany, Hyacinth or 

 Harebells, a genus of the Hexandria Mo- 

 nogynia class and order. Natural order 

 of Lilia Roy, or Liliacese. Asphodeli, 

 Jussieu. Essential character : corolla 

 bell shaped, with three honied pores by 

 the germ. There are seventeen species. 



HYADES, in astronomy, seven stars 

 in the bull's head, famous among the 

 poets for the bringing of rain. 



The principal of them is in the left eye, 

 called by the Arabs, Aldebaran. See AL- 

 DEBARAX and ASTRONOMY. 



HYALITE, in mineralogy, a species of 

 the flint genus. Colour yellow and grey- 

 ish white : it occurs in thin crusts on 

 other minerals, and has much resem- 

 blance to gum, and is nearly allied to 

 opal. 



HYBERNACULUM, in botany, that 

 part of the plant which defends the 

 embryo-herb from injuries during the 

 severities of winter, hence the name, 

 hybernaculum, or winter-quarters. 



HYBL^EA. See PHALKNA. 



HYDNUN, in botany, a genus of the 

 Cryptogamia Fungi. Generic character: 

 a horozontal fungus, echinated beneath 

 with awl-shaped fibres. Linnaeus has six 

 species of this fungus, five with stems, 

 and one without ; these chiefly grow on 

 decaying wood. 



HYDRA, in astronomy, a southern con- 

 stellation, imagined to represent a water- 

 serpent. The number of stars in this con- 

 stellation in Ptolefhy's catalogue is twen- 

 ty-five, and in the Britannic catalogue, 

 sixty-eight. 



HYDRA, polypes, in natural history, a 

 genus of the Vermes Zoophyta class and 

 order. Animal fixing itself by the base, 

 linear, gelatinous, naked, contractile, and 

 furnished with setaceous tentacula or 

 feelers ; inhabiting fresh waters, and pro- 

 ducing its deciduous offspring or eggs 

 from the sides. There are five species. 

 H. gelatinosa, minute, gelatinous, milk- 

 white, cylindrical, with twelve tentacula 

 shorter than the body : it inhabits Dei 

 mark in clusters on the under side 

 Fuci. But on the viridis, the fusca, 

 the grisca, the greater number of expt 

 ments have been made by naturalists, 

 ascertain their true nature and very we 

 derful habits. They are generally fa 

 in ditches. Whoever has carefully 

 examined these when the sun is very pt 

 erful, will find many little transparent 

 lumps, of the appearance of jelly, and 



