IND 



IND 



sumed. For example, resuming the pro- 

 blem at first given, viz. to find two ration- 

 al numbers, the difference of the squares 

 of which shall be a given number. Let 

 the given number be the product of a 

 and 6; then by hypothesis, x* y*=ab\ 

 but these compound quantities admit 'of 

 an easy resolution, for x+y X xy= 

 ayjj* If therefore we suppose x -f- y = 



wa, we shall obtain x x= , where m is 



arbitrary, and if rational, x and y must al- 

 30 be rational. Hence the resolution of 

 these two equations gives the values of or 

 and y, the numbers sought, in terms of m, 



INDEX, in anatomy, the same with the 

 fore finger. See FINGERS. 



INDEX, in arithmetic and algebra, shows 

 to what power any quantity is involved, 

 and is otherwise called exponent. See 

 EXPONENT. 



INDEX of a logarithm, that which shows 

 of how many places the absolute number, 

 belonging to a logarithm, doth consist ; 

 and of what nature it is, whether an inte- 

 ger or fraction. Thus, in this logarithm, 

 2.523421, the number 2 standing on the 

 left hand of the point is called the index ; 

 because it shows that the absolute num- 

 ber, answering to the above logarithm, 

 consists of three places: for the number 

 is always one more than the index. If 

 the absolute number be a fraction, then 

 the index of the logarithm^ hath a nega- 

 tive sign, marked thus, 2^523421. See 

 LOGARITHM. 



INDEX of a globe, the little style or gno- 

 mon, which being fixed on the pole of the 

 globe, and turning round with it, points 

 out the hours upon the hour circle. See 

 GLOBE. 



INDIA rubber. See CAOUTCHOUC. 



INDICATIVE, in grammar, the first 

 mood, or manner, of conjugating a verb, 

 by which we simply affirm, deny, or ask 

 something. 



INDICTION, in chronology, a cycle of 

 fifteen years. See CHRONOLOGY. 



INDICTMENT, is a written accusation 

 of one ~~ ~iore persons, of a crime or mis- 

 demea nrefcrred to, and presented 

 on oath o^ _ud jury. An indictment 



may be found on the oath of one witness 

 only, unless it be for high treason, which 

 requires two witnesses ; and unless in 

 any instance it is otherwise specially di- 

 rected by acts of parliament. The sheriff 

 of every county is bound to return to 

 every session of the peace, and eveiy 



commission of oyer and terminer, and of 

 general gaol delivery, twenty-four good 

 and lawful men of the county, some out 

 of every hundred, to enquire, present, do, 

 and execute all those things, which, on 

 the part of our lord the King, shall then 

 and there be commanded therein. As 

 many as appear upon this pannel are 

 sworn of the grand jury, to the amount of 

 twelve, at the least, and not more than 

 twenty -three, that twelve may be a ma- 

 jority. This grand jury is previously in- 

 structed in the articles of their enquiry, 

 by a charge from the judge on the bench. 

 They then withdraw from court, to sit 

 and receive indictments, which are pre- 

 ferred to them in the name of the King, 

 but at the suit of any private prosecutor ; 

 and they are only to hear evidence on be- 

 half of the prosecution ; for the finding 

 an indictment is only in the nature of an 

 enquiry or accusation, which is afterwards 

 to be tried and determined; and the grand 

 jury are only to enquire, upon their oaths, 

 whether there be sufficient cause to call 

 upon the party to answer it. 



The grand jury may not find part of an 

 indictment true, and part false; but must 

 either find a true bill, or ignoramus, for 

 the whole ; and if they take upon them 

 to find it specially, or conditionally, or to 

 be true for part only, and not for the rest, 

 the whole is void, and the party cannot 

 be tried upon it, but ought to be indicted 

 anew. 



All capital crimes whatsoever, and all 

 kinds of inferior crimes, which are of a 

 public nature, as misprisions, contempts, 

 disturbances of the peace, oppressions, 

 and all other misdemeanours whatsoever, 

 of a public evil example, against the com- 

 mon law, may be indicted, but no injuries 

 of a private nature, unless they in some 

 degree concern the King. And general- 

 ly, where a statute prohibits a matter of 

 public grievance to the liberties and se- 

 curity of a subject, or commands a matter 

 of public convenience, as the repairing of 

 the common streets of the town, &c., 

 every disobedience of such statute is pu- 

 nishable, not only at the suit of the party 

 grieved, but also by way of indictment, 

 for contempt of the statute, unless such 

 method of proceeding shall manifestly 

 appear to be excluded by it. Yet, if the 

 party offending have been fined in an ac- 

 tion brought by the party (as it is said he 

 may in every action, for doing a thing pro- 

 hibited by statute,) such fine is a good 

 bar to the indictment, because by the fine 

 the end of the statute is satisfied ; other- 

 wise he would be liable to a second fine 

 for the same offence. 



