LAN 



LAN 



premises, collecting in considerable num- 

 bers against the aggressor, and seldom 

 failing- to make him repent of his temeri- 

 ty. These are denominated the tyrants 

 of Carolina ; L. tyrunnus, Lin. 



LAN TANA, in botany, a genus of the 

 Didynamia Angiospermia class and order. 

 Natural order of Personate. Vitices, Jus- 

 sleii. Essenti.il character: calyx obscure- 

 ly, Four-toothed ; stigma hook, refracted ; 

 drupe with a two-celled nucleus. There 

 are nineteen species. These are mostly 

 shrubs, very few being herbaceous. The 

 branches are quadrangular ; the leaves 

 opposite, in pairs, except in a few cases, 

 where there are three or four together, 

 ovate and wrinkled; flowers aggregate, 

 in axillary and peduncled heads, eacli 

 flower bract eel. 



L ANTERLOO, or Loo, a game at cards, 

 played several ways, whereof we shall 

 only mention two. 



The first way is this : lift for dealing, 

 and the best put carries it : as many may 

 play as the cards will permit ; five being 

 dealt to each, and then turning up trump. 

 Now, if three, four, five, or six play, they 

 may lay out the threes, fours, fives, sixes, 

 and sevens, to the intent they may not be 

 quickly loocd ; or if they would have the 

 loos come fast about, then they are to play 

 with the whole pack. 



Having dealt, set up five scores, or 

 chalks. Then ask every one, beginning 

 with the eldest in hand, whether they 

 will play, or pass from the benefit of the 

 game : and here it is to be observed, that 

 the cards have the same values as in ho- 

 nours. You may play upon every curd 

 what sum you please, from a penny to a 

 pound; and if looed, that is, win never a 

 trick, you must lay down to the stock so 

 much for your five cards, as } on played 

 upon every one of them. Every deal rub off' 

 a score, and for every trick you win set 

 up a score, till the first scores are out; 

 then counting your scores, or the num- 

 bers of the tricks you have won, you are 

 to take from the stock in proportion to 

 the value. A flush, or five cards of a 

 suit, loos all the other hands, and 

 sweeps the boards; and if there be two 

 Hushes, the eldest in hand hath the ad- 

 vantage: the knave of clubs, called paam, 

 has this privilege, that he makes a suit 

 with any other cards, and saves the per- 

 son who has him from being looed. 



The other way is this : the dealer lays 

 down so much for every card as the com- 

 pany please to play for and the cards be- 

 ing dealt, all must play; if any be looed, 

 they must each lay down so much as the 

 cards are valued at, for their loo ; and if 



the person next dealing be looed, he 

 must lay down double the said sum, viz. 

 one for dealing, and the other for his 

 loo. In case of a loo, the gamesters are 

 asked whether they will play or not, be- 

 ginning at the eldest hand ; but if there 

 is no loo, they must all play as at first ; 

 and this necessity they justly call free. 



If there be never a loo, the money may 

 be divided by the gamesters, according 

 to the number of their tricks, or left till 

 one be looed, as they shirtl judge proper. 



LANTERN, mug-ic, an optic machine, 

 whereby little painted images are repre- 

 sented so much magnified as to be ac- 

 counted the effect of magic by the ig- 

 norant. See OPTICS. 



The contrivance is briefly this: A B C 

 D (Plate VIII. Miscel. fig. 1.) is a tin lan- 

 tern, from whose side there proceeds a 

 square tube bn k I m c, consisting of two 

 parts; the outermost of which, nklni, 

 slides over the other, so as that the whole 

 tube may be lengthened or shortened by 

 that means. In the end of the arm, n k lm, 

 is fixed a convex glass, k /; about d e there 

 is a contrivance for admitting and placing 

 an object, de, painted in dilute and trans- 

 parent colours, on a plane thin glass ; 

 which object is there to be placed inverted. 

 This is usually some ludicrous or fright- 

 ful representation, the more to divert the 

 spectators; b he is a deep convex glass, 

 placed in the other end of the prominent 

 tube, the only use of which is to cast the 

 light of the flame, a, strongly on the pic- 

 ture, d e, painted on the plane thin glass. 

 Hence, if the object, d e, be placed fur- 

 ther from the glass, k I, than its focus, it is 

 manifest that the distinct image of the 

 object will be pi-ojected by the glass, 

 k /, on the opposite white wall, F 11, at 

 fg ; and that in an erect posture : 30 

 that, in effect, this appearance of the 

 magic lantern is the same with that of the 

 camera obscura, or darkened room; since 

 here the chamber, E F G II, is supposed 

 quite dark, excepting the light in the lan- 

 tern A IJ C D. And here we may ob~ 

 serve, that if the tube, bnklm c, be con- 

 tracted, and thereby the glass, & I, brought 

 nearer the object, d e, the representa- 

 tion, fg, will be projected so much the 

 larger, and so much the more distant 

 from the glass k I ; so that the smallest 

 picture at'rf e may be projected at fg in 

 any greater proportion required, within 

 due limits : whence it is, that this lantern 

 got the name of lant-erna -megalographica. 

 On the other hand, protracting the tube 

 will diminish the object. 



Instead of the convex glass to heighten 

 the light, some prefer a concave specu- 



