LOC 



LOG 



The sums borrowed since the com- 

 melicement of the war, which began in 

 1803, hive hitherto been of somewhat 

 less extent, as it has been deemed neces- 

 sary to endeavour to raise a considerable 

 part of the extraordinary sums wanted 

 within the year. 



LOASA, in botany, a genus of the Po- 

 lyandria Monogynia class and order. Es- 

 sential character: calyx five-leaved, su- 

 perior; corolla five-petalled; petals hood- 

 ed; nectary five-leaved, converging; cap- 

 sule turbinate, one celled, three valved, 

 many seeded. There is only one spe- 

 cies, viz. L. hispida, a native of South 

 America. 



LOB ART A, in natural history, a genus 

 of the Vermes Mollusca class and order. 

 Body above convex, beneath flat lobate. 

 There is but a single species, viz. L. qua- 

 driloba, which inhabits the northern seas. 

 It has a tail with four lobes. 



LOBE, in anatomy, any fleshy protube- 

 rant part, as the lobes of the lungs, lobes 

 of the ears, &c. 



LOBELLA, in botany, so named from 

 Matthias de Lobel, a Flemish botanist, a 

 genus of the Syngenesia Monogamia class 

 and order. Natural order of Campana- 

 ceze. Campanulacex, Jussieu. Essential 

 character : calyx five-cleft ; corolla one 

 petalled, irregular ; capsule inferior, two 

 or three-celled. There are forty -two spe- 

 cies ; these are mostly herbaceous plants, 

 some annual, more perennial, and a few 

 suffrutieose, or woody at the bottom of 

 the stems, which in some are prostrate, 

 in others upright ; leaves alternate ; flow- 

 ers either solitary and axittary with two 

 small bractes, or in loose terminating 

 spikes with three little bractes. The pre- 

 dominant colour of the corollas is blue ; 

 they are chiefly natives of the Cape of 

 Good Hope. 



LOCAL action, is an action restrained 

 to the proper county, in opposition to a 

 transitory action, which may be laid in 

 any county, at the plaintiff's discretion. 

 In local actions, where possession of land 

 is to be recovered, or damages for an ac- 

 tual trespass, or for waste, or the like, af- 

 fecting land, the plaintiff must lay his de- 

 claration, or declare his injury to have 

 happened in the very county and place 

 that it really did happen in ; but in transi- 

 tory actions, for injuries that may happen 

 any where, as debt, detinue, slander, and 

 the like, the plaintiff may declare in what 

 county he pleases, and then the trial must 

 be in that county in which the declara- 

 tion is laid ; though if the defendant will 

 make affidavit that the cause of action, if 

 any, arose not in that, but in another 



county, the court will oblige the plaintiff 

 to declare in the proper county. 



LOCAL problem, among mathemati- 

 cians, such a one as is capable of an infi- 

 nite number of different solutions, by 

 reason that the point which is to resolve 

 the problem may be indifferently taken 

 within a certain extent, as, suppose any 

 where, within such a line, within such a 

 plane, figure, &c. which is called a geo- 

 metric locus, and the problem is sai'd to 

 be a local or indetermined one. See Lo- 

 cus. 



A local problem may be either simple, 

 when the point sought is in a right line ; 

 plane, when the point sought is in the cir- 

 cumference of a circle ; solid, when the 

 point required is in the circumference of 

 a conic section ; or, lastly, sursolid, when 

 the point is in the perimeter of a line of 

 the second gender, or of an higher kind, 

 as geometers call it. 



LOCK, an instrument used for fasten- 

 ing doors, chests, &c. generally opened 

 by a key. The lock is esteemed the mas- 

 ter-piece in smithery ; much art and de- 

 licacy being required in contriving and 

 varying the wards, bolts, and springs. 

 From the different structure of locks, ac- 

 commodated to their different use, they 

 acquire different names; thus, those 

 placed on outer doors are called stock- 

 locks ; those on inner doors, spring- 

 locks ; those on trunks, trunk-locks, pad- 

 locks, &c. Of these the spring-lock is 

 the most curious : its principal parts are, 

 the main-plate, the cover-plate, and the 

 pin hole : to the main-plate belong the 

 key-hole, top-hook, cross- wards, bolt-toe, 

 or bolt-nab, drawback-spring, tumbler, 

 pin of the tumbler, and the staples ; to 

 the cover-plate belong the pin, main- 

 ward, cross-ward, step-ward, or dapper- 

 ward ; to the pin-hole belong the hook- 

 ward, main cross-ward, shank, the pot or 

 bread, bit, and bow-ward. The importa- 

 tion of locks is prohibited. 



LOCK, or WEIR, in inland navigations, 

 the general name for all those works of 

 wood or stone, made to confine and raise 

 the water of a river ; the banks, also, 

 which are made to divert the course of a 

 river, are called by these names in some 

 places. But the term lock is more par- 

 ticularly appropriated to express a kind of 

 canal inclosed between two gates ; the 

 upper called by workmen the sluice-gate, 

 and the lower called the flood-gate. These 

 serve in artificial navigations to confine 

 the water, and render the passage of 

 boats easy in passing up and down the 

 stream. See CATTAL. 



LQCUS ereometriciix, denotes a line, by 



