S1EAM. 213 



SUMMARY. 



1615. Salomon de Caus was the first who conceived 

 the idea of utilising the elastic force of vapour of 

 water in the construction of an hydraulic pumping 

 engine. 



1690. Papin conceived the possibility of making a 

 steam and piston engine. He was the first to combine 

 in one and the same steam and piston engine the 

 elastic force of vapour of water with the precipitating 

 property which steam acquires through cold. 



1705. Newcomen, Cawley, and Savery were the 

 first to see that in order to effect a rapid precipitation 

 of vapour of water, the injected water must find its 

 way into the mass of steam in the shape of very 

 small drops. 



1769. Watt explained the immense advantages, 

 from an economical point of view, obtained by sub- 

 stituting for the condensation which had hitherto 

 been effected in the barrel of the engine condensa- 

 tion in a separate chamber. He was the first to point 

 out the advantage which might be derived from the 

 expansion of the vapour of water. 



Chaillot's steam pump was made after his plans in 

 the workshops of the brothers Perrier. 



1783. Jouffroy, in the presence of thousands of 

 spectators, made the first trial of a paddle-wheel 

 steam-boat, which he had constructed himself, and 

 which went up and down the river Saone, between 



