23 



on a small scale showed that a slight modification of the process 



be made where charcoal, bituminous coal, or certain other substitute 



for lignite are employed. 



The clarifiers at Magnolia are of the onMuary form and have ;i ra- 

 pacity of 533 gallons. 'The filter-presses were manufactured by the 

 Hallesche Maschinenfabrik, of Halle, Germany. An ordinary piston- 

 pump was used to force the juice through the presses. The juice was 

 limed as usual, i. e., to neutrality. In order to determine the amount 

 of charcoal required, experiments were made with varying quantities. 



(1) Ten per cent, of the weight of the sugar in the juice. 



(2) Seven and a half per cent. 



(3) Five per cent. 



Any difficulty in filtration would indicate too little charcoal. As a 

 result of this experiment it was found that the juice filtered equally 

 well with 5 per cent, as with 10. Five per cent, is probably as little as 

 could be successfully employed. 



The juice was rapidly heated to the boiling point, after liming, before 

 the addition of the charcoal. The charcoal having been added the 

 mixture was boiled and stirred thoroughly for ten or fifteen minutes 

 and then forced through the presses. 



One twenty-one-chainber press filtered 2,670 gallons of juice in three 

 hours, at the end of which time it was opened and the press-cake re- 

 moved. The chambers of these presses are not as large as those of the 

 Kroog presses. 



The filtered juice was perfectly clear and bright. It was immedi- 

 ately converted into sirup in the double effect. This sirup was as 

 bright as the filtered juice. A portion of the sirup after standing sev- 

 eral days in a glass vessel did not show the slightest sediment. 



Analyses were made of the juice at frequent intervals during the 

 work. A portion was taken from each sample for the determination of 

 the albuminoids. 



The proportion of albuminoids are expressed, in the table, both as a 

 percentage of the weight of the juice and in terms of the sucrose. 



Ttie first sample of the juice was taken from the first clariticr; and 

 the first sample of clarified juice from the first portion of the filtei. <1 

 juice, consequently these samples represent the same juice before and 

 after clarification. The rest of the samples were taken at intervals 

 from the presses and from every third clari tier of juice. 



The average of these results will represent as nearly as possible ilie 

 same juice before and after treatment. 



