56 



Family Yponomeutidae. Fracker (1915, p. 69) mentions a great 

 difference between the several genera, the only characteristic in 

 common being (and even this does not always hold good) that 

 s. suhdorsalis (/3) is lower on the prothorax than s. dorsalis {x)^ 

 that the K. group (s. prostigmales and s. infrastigmales) consists 

 of three setae on the prothorax, and that on the abdomen s. post- 

 stigmalis and s. wfrastigmalis are separate from each other. 



Family Gracilaridae. Fracker (1915, p. 70) does not give a 

 setal pattern, neither does Chapman (1902). 



Family Tortricidae. Fracker (1915, p. 71 — 74) gives a sum- 

 mary of the genera, which differ very much from each other. 

 Moreover the characteristics are not absolutely constant. Changes 

 occur with the following setae : n ; 5, /3, x, >;, ^a, K. It is of im- 

 portance that X and >j, i. e. s. poststigmalis and s. infrastigmalis^ 

 may be arranged on the abdomen in a horizontal line as well 

 as in a vertical line and that f , i. e. s. prostigmalis is placed on 

 one tubercle with s. suprastigmalis (p). 



Family Cossidae. 



Material: Only a certain number of full-grown specimens 

 of Cossus cossus L. {ligniperda) were at my disposal. 



Zeuzera pyrina L. from the Coll. Kail. 



In connection with the recent views on the system of the 

 Lepidoptera the Cossidae have often attracted attention. 



LiNTNER (1885) (nympha). 



Dyar (1894 and 1894 &). 



.Packard (1895). 



Quail (1904 a. b). 



Tsou (1914). 



Fracker (1915). 



The remarkable ribbon-shaped, twisted setae have been des- 

 cribed and illustrated by Lijonet in 1760 in his famous work 

 on the anatomy of Cossus. 



The most accurate description is that of Quail, who also exa- 

 mined a newly hatched caterpillar of Cossus cossus. In doing 



