64 



to be considered as the original forms of the Si/mhomhi/cinae, 

 others (the last three) on the other hand belong to the Sifssphingina. 

 The general pattern of setae is according to type I, in one sub-family 

 there are verrucae even in instar /, in others they appear later on. 



1. Sub-family Gluphisinae is difficult to separate from some of 

 the Notodontinae. Some larvae are smooth, GlupJmia septentrio- 

 nalis possesses glandular hairs (Packard 1895, PI. VIII, p. 91) 

 which are very shortly forked and afterwards disappear. 



According to fig. 1 b, the pattern on the abdomen is : s. dorsalis, 

 8. dorsolateralis, s. suprastigmalis, s. subdorsalis sup. and inf. 

 s. prostigmalis^ s. infrastigmalis which is placed very orally, 

 six s. basales, in instar 7, whilst in instar II s. dorsolateralis and 

 8. 8ubdorsalis inferior disappear. The presence of these two setae 

 in instar 7 is very important. 



2. Sub-family Apatelodinae. The young larvae are covered with 

 long white setae, which are standing on verrucae according to 

 Type I, with v. subdorsalis inferior (Packard 1895, PI. IX). 



3. Sub-family Pygaerinae. Packard (1895) makes a distinction 

 between the colour of the primary and secondary setae in the 

 full-grown larvae. Packard (p. 105) thinks that this sub-family 

 is the most generalized one of the family. As far as I can see 

 on PI. X — XIV the pattern of the Datana species agrees with 

 Phalera bucephala. In connection with the origin of the stripes, 

 which I was able to observe in a Pygaerine, this is of much 

 importance, just as the presence of an 11th abdominal segment. 



To outline the family in an easier way, I have put the description 

 of Phalera bucephala L. after the discussions of the sub-families 

 p. 65 sqq. (On the origin of the stripes see chapter VII and VIII). 



Fracker (1915) does not discuss the setal pattern. 



4. Sub-family Ichthyurinae. Ichthyura apicalis (Packard 1895, 

 PI. XV) has setae, I. inclusa and I. albosigma (1. c. PI. XVI) 

 verrucae according to type I. 



5. Sub-family Notodontinae. According to Packard (1895, PI. 

 XVII — XXIII) the larvae possess setae according to type I. 



6. Sub-family Heterocampinae. Larvae sometimes with stema- 



