70 



three stripes agreeing with the row of spots running through 

 V. subdorsal^, v. suprastigmalis and the spots over the stigma. 

 There is no clear stigmatic stripe. The infrastigmatic stripe is distinct 

 on the front and back edges of the segment, the basal stripe is 

 narrow, and there is a clear, broad pedal stripe. 

 Pupa. I could not find any sign of a pattern. 



Family Kupterotidae. Fracker (1915) includes Apatoledes which 

 deviates in respect to the tubercula. I think that he is right as 

 regards the larva. 



Family Liparid(ie = Lymantndae. The tussock-moths can be 

 divided into two groups, those with and those without pencil-shaped 

 setae. Several of them have long since drawn the attention of 

 investigators because of their peculiar pattern, the thick tussocks 

 of setae and because of the sexual dimorphism of the cater- 

 pillars. 



Literature: 



SwAMMERDAM (1737), Orgijia 9 and cf caterpillar, pupa with setae. 



HCbner (1766), development of the setae. 



Riley (1885), Orgyia. 



Waciitl and Kornauth (1893), particular setae of Ocneria. 



Packard (1889 and 1893), development of Orgyia. 



Fracker (1915), synopsis of the family. 



The last mentioned writer says (1. c. p. 104 sqq.) that Porthetria, 

 Gynaephora and Euproctis have the ordinary verrucae like the 

 Ardiidae, except that there are three verrucae on the mesothorax 

 and the metathorax above the K-group. 



He thinks that the coalescence of x with p which occurs in 

 Porthetria = Lymantria (therefore of v. poststigmalis with v. supra- 

 stigmalis) is unique. He examined Euproctis = Porthesia but did not 

 observe the same arrangement there. The second group has pencils, 

 to this belong Olene^ Hemerocampa and Notolophus = Orgyia. 



Fracker does not attach much importance to the question whether 

 X and /3 (i. e. verruca dorsalis and subdorsalis) coalesce or not. 



I examined three complete series, my principal results are: 



