75 



and metnthorax, on the place where the stigma should have occurred, 

 if it had been placed on the back edge of the segment, as is the 

 case on the prothorax. At first I considered this spot to be n 

 rutlimentary stigma, but after having read Boas (1895)) and after 

 a repeated examination, I take it to be a transparant wing-rudiment. 

 The appearance of this spot in Instar V proofs the latter 

 suggestion to be the right one. 



Orf/i/ia antiqua Linn. 



Most writers only mention the beautiful c«)lours, the pencils 

 and the tussocks of this larva, these attributes being generally 

 found in the members of this family. 



The principal statements are: 



Buckler (III, p. 11 and 12) gives an excellent description of the 

 fullgrown caterpillar, but of course without mentioning the posi- 

 tion of the tubercula. Of the first stages, however, he says very 

 little. Thus for instar / he only mentions that the tubercula 

 are black, and that after the fourth moulting (instar T) they are 

 red. The tussocks on the segments 5 and 6 in instar IV show 

 a kind of black hue, those on 7 and 8 a sort of white. After the 

 4th moulting they are all white, later on, during this stage, they 

 become brown. In instar / a broken subdorsal line was seen. 



His drawings (PI. XXXIX, fig. 1, la, 16) give different varia- 

 tions of colour. My specimens agree for the greater part with 

 fig. 1. It seems to me that his fig. 16 shows the same mistake 

 as that of Hubner. 



HoFMASJf-SpuLER (1910) says that the cT caterpillars are smaller 

 and that they have yellow bristles on the back, whilst the large 

 9 caterpillars are provided with yellow-brown bristles. In this 

 he agrees with Sw^ammerdam (1737). His drawings (PI. 15, fig. 25a b) 

 are very bad. 



Jacob Hubner gives as a frontispiece to his book in four volumes 

 on caterpillars, a drawing of Orgyia antiqua^ of which the length 

 of the body without the setae is 11 cm. and with the setae 21 cm. 



The drawing is certainly large enough to justify the expec- 



