140 



There is very often a s. dorsolateralis on the abdomen. 



Of the so-called Micro's the PYRALOIDEA differ from the others 

 by a slightly altered arrangement of the setae and by the for- 

 mation of verrueae. 



The BOMBYCES seem to be descended from forms with mono- 

 setal tubercula which are developed into verrueae. In the more 

 specialized families these verrueae disappear and they are only 

 distinct during instar /. A reduction of the number of setae is 

 often to be found. 



The Noctuidae too originally possess monosetal tubercula which 

 are transformed into verrueae and afterwards are again reduced 

 to simple setae. 



The Sphivfiidae i. a. differ by the presence of a s. prostigmalis 

 and the absence of s. podstigmalis on the abdomen. 



The RHOPALOCERA in so far agree with each other that the 

 primitive setal pattern becomes supplanted during the ontogenesis 

 by another arrangement of the setae. On the pupa, however, 

 type I appears again. The presence of verrueae during instar I 

 of the Papilionidae can be explained as a last remnant of the 

 dermal armature they formerly possessed. 



A comparison with the rest of the orders of insects did not yield 

 many results. I could find however an indication of a general 

 groundform which consisted in an arrangement of the setae in 

 rows of each three on either side (Chapter VII). 



I have the impression, that it is under Eimer's (1874, 1889) 

 influence that Weismann (1876) came to attach such a par- 

 ticular value to the stripes. Later on Escherich (1892) and 

 Schroder (1894) advocated the same hypothesis. In opposition 

 to it J. F. VAN Bemmelen (1889 sqq.) tried to introduce his 

 opinion, that not stripes but spots compose the primary pattern. 

 J. Botke (1916) in his studies comes to conclusions which in the 

 main agree with this opinion. De Meijere (1916) comes to the same 

 conclusion. J. H. Kruimel also rejects Eimer's hypothesis, after 

 his study of the feathers of the Gallinae (1916). Tower (1906, 

 p. 226) says "in ontogeny and in evolution (species foundation) 



