IN THE HONEY-BEE. 71 



peculiar modifications. If Dzierzon's theory proved correct, we 

 might beforehand expect that by the copulation of a unicolorous 

 blackish-brown German and a reddish- brown Italian Bee, the 

 mixture of the two races would only be expressed in the hybrid 

 females and workers ; but not in the drones, which, as pro- 

 ceeding from unfecundatcd eggs, must remain purely German 

 or purely Italian, according as the queen selected for the pro- 

 duction of hybrids belonged to the German or Italian race. In 

 fact, the expectations of the Apiarians were not disappointed. 

 It is true that in these crossings of the races many remarkable 

 occurrences, such as also happen, contrary to expectation, in the 

 crossing of our larger domestic animals, were still necessarily left 

 unexplained. According to Berlepsch's observations*, 1. many 

 Italian mothers produce partly black and partly variegated 

 Bees under all circumstances, that is to say, whether they have 

 been fecundated by an Italian or a German drone ; 2. many 

 Italian mothers produce only variegated Bees when they are 

 fertilized by an Italian drone, but variegated and black ones 

 mixed when the fertilization is effected by a German drone ; 

 and 3. many Italian mothers produce only variegated Bees 

 under all circumstances, that is to say, whether they are fer- 

 tilized by an Italian or German drone. Such true Italian 

 queens, adds Berlepsch, produce Italian Bees from the very 

 first, when fertilized by Italian drones ; but, on the contrary, 

 when fertilized by a German drone, they also produce German 

 Bees at first, for a longer or shorter time. 



Here I must insist upon the fact, that these statements of Von 

 Berlepsch only refer to the production of workers and female 

 Bees, but by no means to drones. He endeavoured to explain 

 these surprising and singular facts, which reposed upon two years 5 

 experience, in the following manner. He refers to the existence 

 of the appendicular gland so intimately connected with the semi- 

 nal receptacle, to which I had even in the year 183Jf ascribed 



* See the Bienenzeitung, 1856, p. 5. 



t See my memoir Ueber die Sperrnatozoen in den befruchteten Insekten- 

 Weibchen (Miiller's Archiv, 183/, p. 398). In this place I have said of the 

 Glandula appendicularis,— " This organ probably serves for the secretion of a 

 particular fluid, which is poured into the seminal receptacle and keeps the 

 spermatozoa which remain here for a long time, alive." See also Germans 

 Zeitschrift fur die Entomol. 1843, p. 368. 



