HUMAN PHYSIOGNOMY. 



287 



man. As these characters result from a fuller course of growth, 

 from the infant, it is evident that in these respects the apes are 

 more fully developed than man. Man stops short in the develop- 

 ment of the face, and is in so far more embryonic* The promi- 

 nent forehead and reduced jaws of man are characters of " retar- 

 dation." The characters of the prominent nose, with its elevated 

 bridge, is a result of ^* acceleration," since it is a superaddition to 

 the quadrumanous type from both the standpoints of paleontology 

 and embryology. f The development of the bridge of the nose is 

 no doubt directly connected with the development of the front of 

 the cerebral j)art of the skull and ethmoid bone, which sooner or 

 later carries the nasal bones with it. 



If we now examine the leading characters of the physiognomy 

 of three of the principal human sub-sj)ecies, the Negro, the Mon- 



FiG. 56. 



Fig. 57. 



Fig. 56, — Profile of a Lucliatze negro woman, sbowin;? deficient bridge of nose and 

 chin, and elongate facial region and prognathism. Fig. 57. — Face of another Luchatze, 

 showing flat nose, less prognathism and larger cerebral region. From Serpa Pinto. 



golian, and the Indo-European, we can readily observe that it is 

 in the two first named that there is a predominance of the quad- 

 rumanous features which are retarded in man ; and that the em- 

 bryonic characters which predominate, are those in which man is 



* Thi3 fact has been well stated by C. S. Minot, in the "Naturalist " for 1882, 

 p. 511. 



f See Cope, " The Hypothesis of Evolution," New Haven, 1870, p. 31. 



