Vice and Its Correction 87 



former, reversing the process to return him to his 

 place. 



A biter should wear a rather close-fitting, bottom- 

 less solid leather muzzle, which hangs well below his 

 lips. He can eat with this on, but cannot grab at 

 you sideways before you can get hold of his halter. 



A strong and short standing martingale will keep 

 a rearer on all fours. 



Horses which shy persistently generally have 

 defective vision, and should never be punished, but 

 every effort made to encourage them, and create con- 

 fidence, alarming objects being passed, when possi- 

 ble, at a distance. 



The treatment of hard pullers, etc., depends 

 entirely upon individual conformation, character- 

 istics, etc., and no rules can be laid down which 

 will succeed in every case. They are all made by 

 man's folly and wilfulness, and not by Nature's 

 errors. If a horse's teeth are all right, his balance 

 good, his neck not too thick and straight, nor his 

 jaws too narrow, and he still pulls, then he has been 



