_ 6 — 



are located in high land or mountain slope or in secluded place. The employment of a plain aims 

 at the growing of fodder. The grasses growing in woods, foot-paths and banks of paddy fields 

 serve also for the same purpose, and their profits can not be overlooked. 



Adjustment of Arable Land. — The allotment of tillable lands is generally narrow, small and 

 irregular in shape ; moreover, in allotting them, care has been neglected in providing roads, water- 

 courses, and equipments of irrigation and drainage. In order to remedy the circumstances and 

 facilitate agricultural administration, the Government enacted the Law of Adjustment of Arable 

 Land, in 1900, for granting many privileges, as a measure of encouragement, to the landowners, 

 when they have decided to carry out a joint adjustment of their holdings. Ever since the enact- 

 ment of the law, the work was started at more than 6,000 places, the total area of which reaches 

 upwards of 347,000 cho. The work is still earnestly undertaken every year. 



Reclamation of Land. — In the Law of Adjustment of Arable Land, provisions are made for 

 affording many privileges, as a measure of encouragement, for the reclamation of waste land, lake 

 and marsh, etc. Although the investigation into reclaimable land is not yet completed, it is believ- 

 ed that the area of this sort of land is very extensive. 



IV. MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Outline of Management.-— The agriculture of Japan is conducted on a small scale and is 

 intensive. Formally, labour was chiefly limited to the raising of cereals and cattle was bred simply 



