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Cooperative Management — For our farmers, whose occupations, as already treated, are 

 conducted on a very small scale, it is of utmost importance to afford the facilities of co-opemtion for 

 their monetary circulation and saving of fund, so that they may be able to conduct their purchase 

 of materiil and sale of produce in a profitable way and provide jointly any necessary equipment for 

 the benefit of their work. In order to meet the need of this necessary co-operation, the Govern- 

 ment promulgated the Co-operative Societies Law in 1900 and endeavoured to make use of it, 

 always. Consequentl)'^, the number of co-operative societies has been increasing year after year and 

 their benefit has become very prevalent. According to provisions of the law, the organizations can 

 be divided among four classes ; the Credit Society, the Purchase Society, the Sales Society and the 

 Productive Society ; and each class of them is authorised to do the businesses of others, together 

 with its own. On December 31, 1913, there were altogether 10,455 societies, of which 8,530 

 were credit societies and those which combined in their own the business of a credit society, 6,710 

 were purchase societies and those, who combined in tkeir own the business of a purchase society, 

 4,537 were sales societies and those, which combined in their own the business of a sale society and 

 1,461 were productive societies and those, which combined in their own the business of a produc- 

 tive society. The members of these societies aggregated r, 160,000, of whom farmers were number- 

 ed by 950,000, or 80 per cent, when calculated in percentage. This shows an unmistakable fact 

 that the organization is a great boon for farming community. In 1909, the Co-operative Societies 

 Law was revised, which fact resulted in the establishment of the confederate association and central 



