TERRA-COTTA EOOFING-TILES. 39 



spect from the others, though the under course of tiles 

 may be laid double. 



Chili, Peru and other South American countries have 

 the normal tile (imb.) and this runs up on the west coast 

 to California. 



BELGIUM AND HOLLAND. 



The pan tile is the dominant form in these two countries. 

 That it was also the common form a few hundred years 

 ago is shown in pictures of the old Dutch masters. 



In Holland, one may often see roofs thatched half-way 

 down and tiled the rest of the way to the eaves. In the 

 better class of houses in the country the entire roof is tiled. 

 At Utrecht, large, slightly-bent tiles are used for ridge 

 and hip. The pan tile is often made with a square opening 

 in it in which glass is fitted. The tiles are often glazed 

 either red, gray or blue. In Belgium, they appear either 

 black or bright red. On very old churches the normal 

 tile (imb.) is seen. 



It is interesting to observe that in those portions of 

 Germany, bordering on Holland and Belgium, the German 

 flat tile is supplanted in a measure. 



The pan tile, pannen tegchel, as it is called in Holland, 

 evidently originated in Holland or Belgium. In England 

 it retains the Dutch mime pannen,, anglicized to pan. It 

 is also called the Fleming tile. In Poland, it is called the 

 Holland tile. 



NORWAY, SWEDEN AND DENMARK. 



The pan tile is in universal use in these countries. In 

 Norway, away from the larger cities, wooden shingles 

 painted red form the ordinary roof covering. The pan 

 tile is often a bright brick-red in color, or glazed a dark 

 brown. The red-painted wooden roofs would seem to be 

 an imitation of the red tiled roof. In Christiania, an old 



