98 SUMMER CEREMONIALS 



Schu-la-wit-zer who carries a fire-brand 1 made of cedar 

 bark ignited at one end. He wears a rounded helmet and 

 a quiver with arrows, and his body is spotted with polka 

 dots of different colors. He is a God of Fire and in one 

 of the dances performs interesting ceremonials in connec- 

 tion with it. The fire of his wand is said to be kindled 

 in a primitive fashion, and he is said to burn everything 

 which comes in his path. 



KO-KO-A-WE E-LE Y . 



The leader of the dancers is a priest clad in an old fash- 

 ioned Zuni costume with face elaborately painted. He 

 carries a beautiful feather wand in one hand and a jar of 

 sacred meal in the other. He sprinkles the sacred meal 

 along the line of the dancers and faces so as to look down 

 the line of Ko-kos as the dance progresses. Hanging over 

 his shoulders he wears a string of empty turtle shells. 



The director of the dance who begins the dancing and 

 the singing is clothed like the other Ko-ko and has a posi- 

 tion midway in the line. 



KOY-E-A-MA-SHI. 



These personages are ten in number and while they 

 sometimes follow the dancers do not take part in the danc- 

 ing. From their making fun of the various events in the 

 dance they may be called the " clowns" and the curious 

 masks which they wear give them naturally the name of 

 "mud-heads." 



The mud-heads are naked with the exception of a coarse 

 cloth about the loins. Their bodies are daubed with mud 

 so that they are about the same color as the houses by 

 which they are surrounded. Around their necks they 



1 The Zuni name op si-ne has been given me as that of the flre-brand of the 

 Schu -la-wit- zer. 



