AT ZUSl AND MOQUI PUEBLOS. 99 



wear a coarse scurf and upon the heads a helmet or mask 

 upon which are plastered great mud wens and eyes and 

 mouth made of adobe. Their very appearance is ludi- 

 crous iu the extreme. 



They try in every way by action and words to amuse 

 the lookers-on during the dance and at other times. On 

 the day of its performance, at the close of the ceremonies, 

 each of these personages is sprinkled with sacred meal by 

 the leader of the dance beginning with the chief, the so- 

 called father. Their peculiar satirical function calls to 

 mind a primitive form of the theatre, a combination of 

 amusement with the sacred ceremonials which is paral- 

 leled in primitive stages of culture among Aryan races. 



In addition to the various personages described in the 

 preceding pages as taking part in the first Kor-kok-shi 

 dance there followed the procession as it marched from the 

 foothills to the pueblo a number of men with great bun- 

 dles of flag leaves on their backs. These flags play an 

 important part iu certain ceremonies inside the houses at 

 this time, and are distributed among the Zunians. 



Let me mention the sequence of events in the first 

 Kor-kok-shi '. On the night of June 24, a procession of 

 dancers, composed of the personages which we have men- 

 tioned above, marched from the southwestern foothills to 

 the pueblo in single file, chanting or singing a song of a 

 wild and primitive nature. When the procession ap- 

 proached the river bank on the site of the old ruin of 

 Hal-o-na-wan 1 it halted and after some delay crossed the 

 dry river bed of the Rio Zuni and mounted to the town 

 through the alley between the Zuni gardens. The Ko-ko 

 then formed in line facing the west ; the Lar-sho-wah-wey 



1 The ruin of old Zuni lies on the southern side of the Rio Zuni opposite the 

 present town which is called Shewena. The Hemenway expedition house stands 

 on the site of the pueblo of Hal-o-na-wan, "The Ant Hill," which is contiguous to 

 the shrine of Her-pah-ti-nah. 



