580 APPENDICES. 



Cell- membrane and contents are colourless in the fresh state, but 

 when dried and re-moistened possess a pale-reddish nucleus in the 

 middle. Spore-formation unknown. They form rose-coloured, slimy 

 spots on starch paste, and on sterilised potatoes. The colouring 

 matter is not changed by acids or alkalies. 



Saccharomyces ilieis (Gronlund). Cells spherical. Spore- 

 formation present without vacuoles. Cultures on the surface of 

 gelatine have a powdery appearance. They produce about 2 '8 

 per- cent.,. by volume, of alcohol in beer-wort, and cause a disagree- 

 able, bitter taste. They were obtained from the fruit of Ilex 

 aquifolium. 



Saccharomyces aquifolii (Gronlund). Cells large and 

 spherical. Spores contain vacuoles. Cultures on gelatine are 

 variable, smooth and shining, or powdery. They produce about 

 3-7 per cent, alcohol in beer- wort, and cause a sweet taste with 

 bitter after-taste. They also were obtained from the fruit of Ilex 

 aquifolium. 



Saccharomyces Marxianus (Hansen). Cells elongated. 

 They develop a mycelial growth on solid nutrient media. They 

 occur on grapes. 



Saccharomyces membransefaeiens (Hansen). Cells elon- 

 gated and vacuolated. Spore-formation abundant. Cultivated on 

 wort-gelatine they produce circular, flattened and wrinkled colonies, 

 greyish, and sometimes with a reddish tinge. The gelatine is slowly 

 liquefied. They occur in the slimy secretion of the roots of the 

 elm, and were also isolated from well-water. 



Saccharomyces Hansenii (Zopf). Cells with small spherical 

 spores. They set up alcoholic fermentation in solutions containing 

 sugar. They were found in cotton- seed flour. 



Saccharomyces Ludwigii. Cells irregular in form, oval, 

 bottle-shaped, lemon-shaped, and elongated, and mycelial filaments. 

 On wort- gelatine the growth is greyish or yellowish. 



Saccharomyces acidi lactici (Grotenfelt). Cells oval, 2 to 

 4-35 /A in length, and 1'5 to 2'9 /x in width. Colonies on nutrient 

 gelatine are porcelain-white. They coagulate milk. 



Saccharomyces minor (Engel). Cells spherical. Spore- 

 formation present. They are said to be the most active ferment 

 in the fermentation of bread. 



Saccharomyces rosaceus (Pink Torula). Cells 9 to 10 /x 

 in diam. They form a coral- pink growth in nutrient gelatine, 

 nutrient agar-agar, or on sterilised potatoes. They are present 

 in the air. 



