ANIMAL MICRO-PARASITES. 593- 



two or three drops of alcoholic solution of methylene-blue ; wash off 

 excess, and examine in water, or allow the preparation to dry, and mount 

 in balsam. 



H^EMATOZOA OF BlRDS. 



According to Danilewsky, birds suffer from malaria in both an 

 acute and a chronic form. The haematozoa are very similar to 

 those found in malaria in man, and any slight difference may be 

 attributed to the different character of the blood in birds. Grassi 

 and Feletti have described two kinds of malarial hsematozoa in 

 birds, one kind belonging to the genus Hcemamveba and the other 

 to the genus Laverania. 



H^MATOZOA OF TURTLES. 



Danilewsky has also minutely described and figured hsematozoa in 

 the blood of turtles, which in some stages of their life history very 

 closely resemble those found by Laveran in man. 



H^MATOZOA OF EQUINES AND CAMELS (SURRA DISEASE.) 



Swra is a blood disease occurring in horses, mules, and camels,, 

 characterised by fever accompanied by jaundice, petechise of mucous 

 membranes, great prostration, and rapid wasting terminating in 

 death. The average duration of the disease is about two months. 

 No organic lesions are found after death, but a parasite exists in 

 the blood during life. By means of subcutaneous inoculation, and 

 by the introduction into the stomach of blood containing the 

 parasite, the disease, according to Evans, can be transmitted to 

 healthy animals. The importance of this disease may be realised 

 from the fact that on one occasion in India the 3rd Punjab Cavalry 

 lost no less than three hundred horses from it. 



The disease has not been observed to be contagious or infectious 

 in the ordinary sense, but the possibility of its conveyance by means 

 of large brown flies has been suggested. These flies attack the 

 horses so vehemently that the blood frequently streams from the 

 bites ; and the opinion that they propagate the disease is prevalent 

 among the natives. At the same time it has been particularly 

 noted that where the disease has broken out the water was very 

 impure. 



Evans discovered a haematozoon, in 1880, in all the diseased horses 

 and mules examined ; in all diseased camels, with one exception ; and 

 in the dogs which had been subjected to experimental inoculations 



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