334 TUBERCULOSIS AS A TYPE OF BACTERIAL DISEASE 



Woodhead, and others in their evidence before the Eoyal Commis- 

 sion, the organs, glands, and membranes are the common sites for 

 tubercle, not the muscles (or meat). 



The following table records the findings of Geddes, who in 1901- 

 1902 was sent by the American Government to examine by means 

 of tuberculin some of the chief breeds of British dairy cattle.* 



Eliminating the tests on Guernsey and Jersey, the proportions of 

 reactions among the tests made in Great Britain and Ireland were as 

 follow : in 1901, 13-67 per cent. ; in 1902, 20'97 ; and for both years, 

 17'92. Hopkins examined 571 Shorthorns and found the percentage 

 of positive reaction was 23'0 as compared with Geddes's result of 

 23'25.f 



Tuberculosis of the udder is comparatively rare. Out of 100 

 tuberculous cows not more than 3 or 4 have tuberculosis of the 

 udder (Bang). The disease occurs as a diffuse, slightly hard, enlarge- 

 ment, generally unaccompanied by fever or tenderness of the organ. 

 Usually only one quarter is attacked, and that generally a posterior 

 quarter. The gland lobules become hypertrophied, and the larger 

 milk-ducts contain yellowish caseous masses full of bacilli. As the 

 condition advances, there is a considerable increase of the inter- 

 lobular connective tissue (interstitial mastitis) of the nature of a 

 sclerosis, and firm tubercles of various sizes begin to appear. Con- 

 sequent upon these changes the udder becomes nodular, and hard 



* Nineteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Animal Industry, 1902, p. 551. 

 | Report of Minister of Agriculture, Dominion of Canada, 1902, p. 134. 



