PEZIZALES 



mitoses. This implies that the gametophytic number is four, and that the 

 gemim are formed immediately after the fusion in the oogonium, so that in 

 the ascogenous hyphae there are four bivalent instead of eight univalent 

 chromosomes. In the meiotic prophase which follows the fusion in the 



is a d uble number of gemini ' since two s p r p h y tic nuclei 



In Humaria granulate, the antheridium has disappeared and normal 

 fertilization is replaced by fusion of female nuclei in pairs in the oogonium. 



Fig. 69. Humaria rutilans (Fr.) Sacc.; very young ascocarp, 

 x 500. 



In another species of this genus, Humaria rutilans 1 , reduction has gone yet 

 further and not even an archicarp is produced. The apothecium arises as 

 a dense weft of tangled filaments, which for a time differ from one another 

 only in the relatively thick walls of the outer hyphae, and the richer proto- 

 plasmic content of the inner (fig. 69). Each cell of the weft contains one 

 or a few nuclei. After a while the nuclei in the central part of the mass 

 may be seen to be of two sizes, and the smaller have been found to fuse in 



1 Humaria rutilans (Fr.) Sacc. = Pe ziza rutilans Fr. in Boudier, hones, PI. 315. 

 G.-V. 8 



