200 GARDEN FARMING 



plants are too small or too close together to admit of the use of 

 horse-power implements, they must be tended with the wheel or 

 hand hoe. There are special horse-power implements designed for 

 use in large fields while the plants are small, one of the best of these 

 being a modification of the ordinary harrow-tooth cultivator, as shown 

 in figure 72. The modification consists in the separation of the two 

 side pieces of the harrow by inverted U-shaped braces, which per- 

 mit the distance between the two parts to be varied. A metal guard 

 is placed about two inches above the points of the teeth and on the 

 inside of the V. This implement is drawn by two horses, with the 

 row of celery between the wheels, and can be used while the celery 



FIG. 72. A modified harrow-tooth cultivator for use when plants are small 



is quite small. As the plants grow larger the guard is raised. 

 Finally, regular cultivators, such as are used for corn, with guards 

 to prevent throwing the earth against the plants, are substituted for 

 this combined harrow and scraper. In some sections two-row culti- 

 vators operated by four horses, as shown in figure 73, are used ; in 

 others the cultivation is done entirely with harrow-tooth cultivators 

 having from three to five rows of teeth. As soon as the plants are 

 well grown and banking can be undertaken, earth may be thrown 

 to the plants by means of cultivators with wing teeth, and the bank- 

 ing completed by use of the double-moldboard type of celery banker 

 with lifting guards (see figure 74). In some sections, particularly 

 in California, the banking is accomplished by a broad wooden 



