GARDEN GUIDE 



When only a bud, instead of part of a shoot, is transferred, the 

 process is called " budding." (See next pago.) 



There is a fundamental necessity in all grafting work: The layer 

 just between the wood and bark, the line where the bark peels, of 

 both stock and cion, must be in contact. The slock is the plant grafted 

 upon; the cion (also spelled scion) is the shoot or graft that is inserted. 

 GION GRAFTING. There are a number of very simple sorts of 

 cion grafting. The method most used upon trees in which the stock 

 is over one inch in diameter is called cleft grafting. 

 The branch of the stock which is to be grafted is 

 cut off short. It is split through the center and the 

 crack opened to receive a short cion. The cions are 

 best cut during the Fall and stored through the Winter 

 in moist sand, but they may be taken 

 directly from the trees very early when 

 the sap starts in the Spring but before 

 the buds have burst. The best length 

 is three buds long, the top bud being the 

 top of the cion; the lower end is beveled 

 at each side to form a perfect wedge as 

 shown in the cut. This wedge must have 

 the cut surfaces perfectly straight, not 

 hollowed out, if the union is to be a good 

 one. In inserting the cion two cambium 

 rings must be together; this is the part 

 between the bark and the wood. To be 

 sure of this, slant the cion just a trifle. 

 Then cover over the whole cut area with 

 grafting wax. 



The next most common method of 

 grafting is known as whip-grafting. It 

 is especially used upon small branches or 

 for grafting seedlings. Apple seedlings 

 may be nicely grafted by this method. 

 Branches to be grafted must be nearly 

 the same size. The stock should be 

 beveled off with a long plane surface; 



the cion should be beveled the same way. Then each should be split 

 so that the two tongues fit together nicely. Practise a bit upon some 

 other wood and you will learn more by the experience than words can 

 tell in description. As in all grafting, the layer between the bark and 

 wood of each must be in contact on one side at least. This sort of 

 grafting, like the former, should be done in Spring before growth starts. 



Tongue-grafting 

 In grafting the stock and cion 

 must be firmly bound around 

 with broad raffia or other 

 ligature. The above drawing is 

 intended to show how to fix the 

 graft, but the binding must 

 cover the union thoroughly to 

 exclude the air 



