C'UN TENTS. Xi 



CHAPTER XI. 



ON THE rSYCHO-PHYSICAL VIEW OF NATURE. 



Abstract and concrete sciences, 405 ; Their different nieth<Hl«, 466 ; Inner 

 experience, 468 ; P.sycho-physics, 469 ; Cabaniw'rt simile, 470 ; Preporcl 

 by Locke and Haller, 471 ; Berkeley's 'Theory of Vision,' 472 ; BcruouUi 

 and Euler, 474 ; Animal electricity, 475 ; Phrenology, 476 ; Dr Young'* 

 colour theory, 480 ; Charles Bell, 481 ; Miiller's "8i>ecific ener><ie»," 482 ; 

 Hehnholtz, 485; "Timbre" defined, 488; Analogy between h'>un<l and 

 colour, 489 ; Helmholtz and Kant, 491 ; The brothers Wel)er, 492 ; 

 Fechner's Psycho-physics, 493 ; Influence of Herbart, 494 ; I lis attitck 

 on the "faculty-psychology," 495; Unity of mental life, 496; Mathe- 

 matical psychology, 498 ; Lotze's physiology of the soul, 500 ; Two nidf* 

 of Lotze's doctrine, 502 ; The p.sycho-physics of vision, 504 ; Wheat- 

 stone's stereoscope, 505 ; Localisation of sensations, 507 ; Lotze's " local 

 signs," 508 ; Fechner, 508 ; Wundt, 511 ; Physiological i)8ychology, 512 ; 

 Wundt, Fechner, and Lotze compared, 515 ; The unity of consciouHnew. 

 516 ; Doctrine of parallelism, 518 ; Miinsterberg, 521 ; Phenomenon of 

 centrali-sation, 524 ; Externali.sation and growth of mind, 525; Wundt's 

 treatment of central problem, 525 ; Introspective nietlKKl, 527 ; Tlie 

 "objective mind," 529; Its study prepared by Herder, 5:51; His 

 'History of Mankind,' 534; Separation of natural and mental sciences, 

 534 ; The problem of language, 536 ; The exact treatment, 53S ; 

 Phonetics, 539; The dividing line between man and brute, 541 ; Sum- 

 mary, 543 ; The three facts impressed by psycho-physics, 545 ; Trani>i- 

 tiou to statistics, 546. 



CHAPTER XII. 



ON THE STATISTICAL VIEW OF NATURE. 



Life and Mind as limiting conceptions, 548 ; Results of abstract science, 550 ; 

 . Uncertainty in the concrete, 552 ; Scientific spirit in businetw, 553 ; The 

 science of large numbers, 555 ; Belief in general order, 556j Rju-onj«_ 

 " Method of I n.stances," 557j G eneral idea underlying enumci-ation, 

 561 ; Doctrine of averages, 561 ;~ Statistics in France, Germany, an<l 

 England, 562 ; John Graunt and Halley, 564 ; Probability, Co-oiKration, 

 E.iuitable Distribution, 566 ; The Science of Chances, 568 ; Condorcet, 

 570 ; Laplace, 572 ; Four applications, 574 ; Theory of Krn.r, 574 ; 

 Method of Least Squares : Gauss, 576 ; Laplace, 578 ; guetolet, 579 ; 

 The "mean man," 580; Social statistics and freewill, 5S3 ; Buckle, 



