754 



INDEX. 



develops astronomical view of na- 

 ture, 366 ; 368, 370, 371 ; import- 

 ance of his discoveries, 372 ; chem- 

 ical discovery of, 408 ; Avogadro's 

 hypothesis, 427 ; ' Essai siir la Phil- 

 osophic des Sciences,' ii. 5, 205 ; 

 requested Fresnel to write his 

 ' Mi-moire sur la Diffraction,' 25 ; sug- 

 gested transverse vibrations to explain 

 polarisation of light, 26 ; equation of 

 wave surface, 42 ; Lord Kelvin on 

 electro-magnetic theory of, 73 ; re- 

 ferred to, 78 ; electrical formulse of, 

 79 ; researches of, 92 ; theory of, 143 ; 

 193, 698 ; on oscillating functions, 

 706, 742. 

 Amyntas, King of Macedonia, ii. 207. 

 Anabolism, ii. 395, 442. 

 Analogies, studies of, ii. 250 ; physical, 



Klein on, 701. 

 Analytical Society of Cambridge, i. 271. 

 Auchersen, J. P., statistics, ii. 579. 

 Andrews, Thomas, "critical tempera- 

 ture " of gases, i. 316 ; experimental 

 work of, ii. 161 ; 'Scientific Papers' 

 of, 162 ; 164. 

 Angle, trisection of the, ii. 124. 

 Angstrom, spectrum analysis, ii. 278. 

 Anhalt - Dessau, Princess of, letters 



from Euler to, ii. 7. 

 Anharmonic ratio, ii. 718. 

 Anilin colours, discovery of, i. 92. 

 'Annales de Chimie et de Physique,' 



i. 236, ii. 25, 54. 

 Anthropology, ii. 497. 

 Apologetic literature in England, ii. 



324. 

 Appelt, i. 209. 



Arago, letter from Young to, i. 230 ; 

 ' Annales de Chimie et de Physique,' 

 236 ; and Fresnel, 241 ; eloges of, 

 279 ; his appreciation of the labours 

 of Fresnel, ii. 21 ; views on " sided- 

 ness" of rays of light, 24 ; requested 

 Fresnel to write his ' Memoire sur la 

 Diffraction,' 25 ; never accepted theory 

 of transverse vibrations, 26 ; visit to 

 England, 27, ; property of polarised 

 light, 28 ; Eloge on Carnot the elder, 

 138 ; 506. 

 " Arbeitskraft, " term used by Helm- 



holtz, ii. 140. 

 Archimedes quoted, ii. 376. 

 Arfvedson, chemist, i. 188. 

 Argand, geometrical representation of 

 imaginary quantities, i. 184 ; on im- 

 aginaries, ii. 653. 

 Argon discovered, i. 423. 

 Aristotle, constructive system of, i. 75 ; 



his works models of scientific re- 

 search, 95 ; 120 ; philosophy in 

 English universities represented by, 

 254 ; views of Heraclitus, ii. 3 ; 4, 

 207 ; analogies of nature, 255, 349 ; 

 grammar and logic, 629. 

 Arithmetic, fundamental laws of, ii. 



654 ; 703. 

 Arithmetising tendency, Klein and P. 

 Du Bois-Reymond on, ii. 738 et seq. 

 Armstrong, Lord, hydro - electric ma- 

 chine : electrical discharge, ii. 191. 

 Arnold, Matthew, introduced new words 

 into English, i. 22 ; on German cul- 

 ture, 225 ; ' Literary Influence of Aca- 

 demies,' 298. 

 AronTiold on invariants, ii. 684. 

 Arrhenius, Svante, theory of electro- 

 lytes, ii. 159, 165. 

 Art, German, not patronised by royalty, 



i. 157. 

 Arundel collection of antiquities, i. 295. 

 Ascherson, ' Deutscher Universitats-Kal- 



ender, i. 161. 

 Association, British, founded, i. 42. 

 Astronomical view of nature : cosmical, 

 molar, and molecular phenomena, 

 i. 348 ; developed by Ampere and 

 Weber, 366 ; opposition to, 381 ; in- 

 sufficiency of, ii. 96. 

 ' Athenffium ' of Schlegel, i. 84. 

 Athens under Pericles, i. 67 ; the 



schools of, 74. 

 Atom and molecule, i. 432 ; size of, 



437. 

 Atomic theory (see Dalton), i. 385 ; two 

 aspects of, 415 ; development of, 431 ; 

 accepted, 437 ; crystallographic laws, 

 analogy between, 444 ; linkage, 449 ; 

 defects and insufficiency of, 461 ; ii. 

 574. 

 Atomic view of nature, i. 382 ; criti- 

 cisms of, 455 ; insufficiency of, ii. 

 96 ; recent triumphs of, 188. 

 Atomism, ii. 465. 

 Atoms, geometrical arrangement of, i. 



441. 

 Attraction, ii. 465. 

 Attraction and repulsion, i. 342. 

 Attraction of ellipsoids, ii. 670. 

 Aubuisson, d', ii. 294. 

 Aucoc, Leon, 'L'Institut de France,' i. 



90, 127, 148, 149. 

 Auerbach, modern era in history of 



fertilisation, ii. 227. 

 Autenrieth, ii. 349. 



"Availability," idea of, introduced by 

 Carnot, ii. 119 ; 597. See also Kelvin, 

 Lord. 



