INDEX. 



757 



Bertrand, Joseph, quoted, i. 121, 134; 

 ' Calcul des Probabilites,' 324 ; his 

 ' Calcul difl'erentiel ' referred to, ii. 

 646. 



Berzelius, Rej^orts, i. 42 ; chemistry, 44 ; 

 discoveries published, 83 ; services to 

 chemistry of, 188 ; biographical, 189 ; 

 ' Jahresbericht,' 190; organic analy- 

 sis, 190 ; 191 ; influence on German 

 science, 208 ; mechanical view in bi- 

 ology, 219 ; 220, 238 ; experimentally 

 proved Dalton's atomic theory, 245; 

 and Faraday, 365 ; electrical action 

 in chemical processes, 366 ; chemical 

 combinations, 396 ; elaborated Dal- 

 ton's theory, 399 ; 400 ; disproves 

 Prout's hypothesis, 402 ; 403 ; electro- 

 chemical theory, 404 ; organic chem- 

 istry, 4(17; 409; " radicle " theory, 

 411 ; death of the binary theory, 412 ; 

 413, 414 ; atomic theory, 416, 417 ; 

 426 ; characteristic of hydrogen 

 atoms, 430 ; theories of chemical 

 affinity, 452 ; ii. 154 ; chemical re- 

 search, 159, 403. 



Bessel, Friedr. vVilh., services to as- 

 tronomy of, i. 177 ; corresjiondence 

 with Gauss, 185, ii. 6.52 ; i. 199 ; 

 measurements of, 322 ; taught at 

 Kcinigsberg, with Neumann and Eich- 

 elot, ii. 54 ; popular work of, 149 ; 

 on Gauss, 636 ; functions of, 696. 



Bessel-Sellmeier hypothesis, ii. 54. 



Beuth founded industrial schools in 

 Prussia, i. 166. 



Beverwijck, i. 282. 



Bewick, wood engraver, ' British Birds, ' 

 i. 289. 



Bichat, works of, i. 83 : not amoug the 

 academicians, 126 ; biological labours 

 of, 194, ii. 313 ; i. 195, 2U0 ; morpho- 

 logical study of natural objects, ii. 

 231 ; the science of biology, 381 ; 

 "Vitalism," 383, 384; 386, 387; on 

 life, 394 ; doctrine of energy, 399 ; 

 402 ; quoted, 406 ; school of " orgaui- 

 cism," 436 ; vital force, 503. 



Billroth, Prof., ' Lehren und Lernen der 

 medicinischeu Wissenschaften,' i. 197; 

 198 ; influence of English science on 

 medical studies in Germany, 208 ; 

 quoted on services of Kant to Ger- 

 man science, 219. 



Biogenesis, ii. 451. 



Biology a German science, i. 193 ; grew 

 out of science and philosophy com- 

 bined, 216 ; essential unity of sciences 

 of, not yet recognised in Germany, 

 220 ; British contributions to, 232 ; ii. 



208, 312 ; vagueness of theories of, 

 370 ; oscillation of thought, 374 ; 

 415. 

 Biot, experimental physics, 1. 44, 200 ; 

 fall of stones at I'Aigle, 328 ; his dis- 

 covery, 431 ; opposed to undulatory 

 theory of light, ii. 16, 21 ; member 

 of Commission of Paris Academy of 

 Sciences competition, 1819, 25 ; 

 "laterality," 27 ; influenced German 

 thought, 101 ; 193, 508. 



Biran, Maine de, ' Menioire sur I'habi- 

 tude,' i. 83. 



Bischoft', Theod., embryology, ii. 227 ; 

 300 ; quoted, 381, 387 ; address on 

 Liebig, 391. 



Bjerknes, A., on Abel, i. 184, 185, ii. 637. 



Black, Joseph, discovered carbonic acid, 

 i. 115 ; on latent heat, 229, 399, ii, 

 102 ; Scottish university professor, i. 

 272; and Lavoisier, 386, 387; 391, 

 400 ; formula! of, 4.36 ; biographical, 

 ii. 102 ; attitude to science that of a 

 medical man, ln3. 



' Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine ' 

 published, i. 273. 



Blair, Hugh, i. 273. 



Blennerhasset, Lady, on De Stael, i. 17. 



Block, statistics, ii. 557, 563 ; quoted, 

 561, 566 ; ' Statistique morale,' 579. 



Blomstrand, 'Die Chemieder Jetztzeit,' 

 i. 430. 



Blumenbach of Gottingen University, 

 i. 165, 194, ii. 247; fossil collec- 

 tions, 248 ; influences Herder, 532. 



Bcickh, science for its own sake, i. 211 ; 

 212 ; classical learning of, 222 ; 

 ' Logos epitaphios ' on Wilhelm von 

 Humboldt quoted, 263. 



Bode's law, i. 422. 



Bodenhausen, i. 104. 



Bodenstedt, ' Mirza Schafty,' i. 213. 



Boehmer, Dr Heinrich, ' Gesch. d. 

 Entwick. d. Naturwissenschaftlichen 

 Weltanschauung in Deutschland,' ii. 

 531. 



Boerhaave, i. 144, 175 ; and the medi- 

 cal schools of Germany, 208 ; 268 ; 

 atoms and viassulce, 398 ; epigenesis, 

 ii. 298. 



Bohmer, "libertas docendi," i. 164. 



Bohn, ii. 107. 



Bohnenberger's gyroscopic instrument, 

 ii. 61. 



Boileau referred to by Voltaire, i. 105. 



Boltzmann, Ludwig, lectures on Max- 

 well's theories, i. 251 ; quoted, ii. 90 ; 

 176, 186, 188, 595; "availability," 

 597. 



