790 



INDEX. 



374 ; universality and accuracy of 

 his law, 377, 380, 382, 384; 385, 

 389, 394, 424 ; calculation of molar 

 and cosmical phenomena, 439 ; " me- 

 chanical cause " of gravitation, ii. 

 4 ; 5 ; and Huygens, 6 ; method of, 

 8 ; Euler's opposition to, ih.; insuffi- 

 ciency of emission theory, 14, 15 ; 

 suggested both theories of light, 17 ; 

 recognised ' ' polarity " of light rays, 

 22 ; general laws of motion, 28 ; for- 

 mula of attraction, 44 ; referred to, 

 62 ; and the French school of physi- 

 cal astronomy, 79 ; scientific terms, 

 95 ; ' Principia ' and the modem no- 

 tion of energ}^ 99, 100, 140 ; vibra- 

 tory view of heat, 104 ; laws of mo- 

 tion, 143 ; astronomical researches, 

 227 ; Darwin and, compared, 341 

 et seq. ; 344 ; universal gravitation, 

 351 ; 364, 467 ; optics, 480 ; and 

 Gauss compared, 630 ; 634, 638, 643 ; 

 his theorem on equations proved by 

 Sylvester, 681 ; 706, 733 ; science and 

 religion, 742 ; 751. 



Newtonian formula the basis of physi- 

 cal astronomy, i. 375 ; unique as to 

 universality and correctness, 377 ; is 

 it a universal law ? 378. 



Newtonianism created by Voltaire, i. 

 250, 251 ; dispelled Cartesian physi- 

 cal philosophy in France, 433. 



Nichol, John, on Francis Bacon and 

 his forerunners, i. 94. 



Nichol's 'Cyclopsedia,' ii. 133. 



Nicholas V., Pope, and the University 

 of Glasgow, i. 268. 



Nicholson and Carlisle, scientific dis- 

 covery of, i. 229. 



' Nicholson's Journal,' i. 41, ii. 104. 



Nicol, 'Crystallography,'!. 117. 



Nicomachus, ii. 207. 



Niebuhr, B. G., his indebtedness to 

 Gibbon, i. 169 ; 212. 



Niebuhr, Karsten, on Tobias Mayer, i. 

 158. 



Niepce, photography, ii. 506. 



Nietzsche, idea of recurrent cj'cles, ii. 

 287. 



Nilson, discovery of scandium, i. 423. 



Nineteenth century not one of revolu- 

 tion, i. 77. 



Nobili, animal electricity, ii. 475. 



Nomenclature, importance of, in 

 science, i. 131. 



Non-Euclidean geometry, ii. 652 et seq.; 

 Klein on, 653 ; 712, 715 ; Halsted 

 and Schlegel on, 714 ; criticised by 

 Lotze, 716. 



Nordenskiold, pupil of Berzelius, i. 

 188. 



' North British Review ' quoted on 

 Scotch educational movement, i. 254. 



Norwood, determined length of a de- 

 gree, i. 97. 



Nbther, M., onSophus Lie, ii. 690, 691 ; 

 and Klein, 720. See Brill. 



Number tt, ii, 721 ; and e, transcendent 

 nature of, 731. 



Numbers, theory of, ii. 680 ; revived 

 by Legendre; and Gauss, ib. ; general- 

 ised, 726 ; transcendental, 727, 730 ; 

 corpus of, 728 ; algebraic, 729. 



Objective mind, ii. 529. 



Observation, insiifficiency of mere, i. 

 328. 



Observatory, Greenwich, built, i. 98i; 

 Pulkowa, i. 99. 



Odling, chemical researches of, i. 414. 



Oersted referred to, i. 238 ; discovery 

 of electro-magnetism, 92, 207, 370, 

 371 ; discoveries of, 366 ; electric cur- 

 rents, 367 ; importance of his dis- 

 coveries, 372 ; indestructibility of 

 force, ii. Ill, 125 ; electrical phenom- 

 ena, 146. 



Oettingen, von, ii. 185 ; statistician, 

 557, 562, 585. 



O'Connell, Daniel, i. 240. 



Ohm, G. S., Fourier's series, i. 241 ; 

 anticipated by Cavendish, 363 ; ac- 

 curacy of his law, 365 ; electro-mag- 

 netic measurements, ii. 78 ; galvanic 

 currents, 79 ; electrical phenomena, 

 146 ; law of, 147 ; resonance, 487 ; 

 508 ; on harmonics, 623. 



Oken, originated scientific associations 

 in Germany, i. 42 ; exponent of the 

 Naturphiloso2}hie, 207 ; 238 ; ' Ele- 

 ments of Physio -philosophy,' 283; 

 founded " Naturforscher - Versamm- 

 lung," 298 ; anatomical analogies, ii. 

 251 ; development of Goethe's views, 

 255 ; influences Owen, 308 ; natural 

 philosophv, 315 ; the genetic view, 

 317, 321 ; 'evolution, 354 ; 508. 



Olbers, Heinr. Wilh. Mat., rediscovers 

 Ceres, i. 54, 82 ; astronomical work 

 of, 176 ; biographical, 177 ; calculates 

 orbit of Ceres, 182 ; correspondence 

 with Gauss, 185, 304. 



Oldenburg, i. 283. 



Oltramare on Abel, i. 187. 



Operations, inverse, ii. 639 ; different 

 kinds of mathematical, 640 ; calculus 

 of, ib., 655, 684; Hankel on, 640; 

 Peacock on, ii. 



