INDEX. 



339 



similation, 26; blocked by water, 

 109; closure of, 110; closure of 

 in withered leaf, 106; connection 

 with intercellular spaces of, 107 ; 

 effect of electricity on, 110 ; in- 

 jection of leaves by means of, 107 



Stomatal transpiration, 102 



Strasburger, on absorption by dead 

 roots, 78 n. ; his air-pump ex- 

 periment (transpiration), 96 ; on 

 leucoplasts, 34; use of eosin in 

 transpiration, 95 n. ; on permea- 

 bility of membranes, 88 



Strontium in fungus culture, 70 



Succulents, fixation of oxygen by, 

 13 ; increase in acidity of, 13 



Sucrose, see Cane- Sugar 



Sugar, assimilation of, 32 



Sugars, 266 ; extraction of, 242, 

 243; fermentable, 278; es- 

 timation of mixed, 285 ; experi- 

 ments on, 275, 288, 301, 316, 

 317 ; qualitative tests for, 281 ; 

 separation of from dextrins, 281 



Sulphatiug ash of tissues, 298 



Sulphuric acid, see Acids ; use of 

 in extraction, 243 



Sun and shade leaves, 57 



Sunshine, effect on transpiration 

 of, 84 



Sutton, Volumetric Analysis, 5, 

 239 



Symphoricarpus, torsion of inter- 

 nodes of, 196 



Synaptase, see Ferments 



Syringa, diaheliotropism, 184 



Tannins, 266, 275 ; extraction of, 

 242, 267; qualitative tests for, 

 270 ; general characters of, 267- 

 269 ; removal of from solutions, 

 271 ; whether glucosides or not, 

 273 



Taraxacum, flowers of, heat pro- 

 duced in respiration, 11 ; ni- 

 trates in, 66 ; for osmotic ex- 

 periments, 126 ; tangential 

 shrinking of tissues of in water, 

 136 



Taxus, development of buds of, 197 

 Temperature of leaves, 104 

 Tendrils, sensitive to contact, 200; 



not sensitive to contact of gela- 

 tine, 201 



Tension, and anisotropism, 121 



Tensions, of tissues, 133 ; de- 

 monstrated by splitting shoots, 

 roots, &c. , 140, 141 ; transverse, 

 135, 136 



Terpenes, in extracts, 242 ; see 

 also Oils 



Terrestrial leaves, assimilation by 

 under water, 26 



Thymol, use of, 247 



Tilia, branches of curving in frost, 

 180; horizontal branches of, 

 196 ; for water-culture, 62 



Timiriazeff, eudiometer of, 45, 46 ; 

 on printing the spectrum in 

 starch, 25 



Tissues, imperfect elasticity of, 137 ; 

 tensions of, 133 



Tollens on Carbohydrates, 276 



Torsion of internodes, 196 



Tracheids, permeability of by air, 

 88 



Tradescantia, circulating proto- 

 plasm in, 16 ; for cobalt method, 

 105 n. ; for osmotic experiment, 

 129 



Translocation of carbohydrates 

 tested by iodine method, 32 ; 

 loss of weight during, 32 



Transpiration, 79 ; methods of 

 estimating absorption during, 78, 

 83 ; and absorption by cut branch 

 compared, 98 ; affected by bloom 

 on leaves, 111 ; by light, 85 ; 

 compared with evaporation of 

 water, 97 ; -current affected by 

 incisions, 93 ; by compression, 

 92 ; effected by sunshine, 84 ; by 

 wind, 84 ; loss of weight during, 

 97 ; stomatal, 102 



Transverse helio- and geotropism, 

 see Diahelio- and -geotropism 



Traube's artificial cell, 123 



Trifolium, assimilation experiments 

 with, 21, 24 ; autonomous move- 

 ments of, 230 ; effect of pro- 

 longed darkness on, 221 ; nyc- 

 titropic movements, 222; used 

 in experiments on enzymes, 306 



Trimble on Tannins, 266 



