124 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



necessary to tell to which of the two each individual belongs. 

 Fortunately, Pileated Woodpeckers are still found in different 

 parts of the state, more especially in the heavy timber of the 

 southeast. The species is non-migratory, wintering where it 

 occurs. Because generally described as shy and without adapt- 

 ability to changed conditions of environment, an exceptional 

 case deserves mention, in which a pair accepts the hospitality 

 and protection of a suburban place, that of Dr. A. F. Eimbeck 

 of New Haven, Mo., and continues to raise an interesting 

 family. 



*406. MELANERPES ERYTHROCEPHALUS (Linn.). Red-headed 

 Woodpecker. 



Picus erythrocephalus. 



Geog. Dist. Eastern North Amercia, from Gulf of Mexico 

 to southern Ontario and eastern Manitoba, slowly spreading to 

 adjacent districts. West to the eastern slope of the Rocky 

 Mountains (eastern Wyoming and Colorado), straggling west- 

 ward to Salt Lake Valley and Arizona. Formerly common in 

 Connecticut and Massachusetts, now rare east of Hudson River. 

 Winters chiefly south of latitude 37, where it remains from the 

 end of September to the end of April, appearing at its most 

 northern habitat late in May and leaving there in August or 

 early September. Quite a number winter in the region 

 between 37 and 40, single individuals even farther north in 

 southern Wisconsin, Iowa and Nebraska. 



In Missouri the Red-head is one of the best known, most 

 familiar, summer residents in all parts of the state. It is un- 

 doubtedly the most numerous member of the family in summer. 

 In traveling through the state we see no bird as often along rail- 

 road lines or highways as this strikingly beautiful and confiding 

 friend of man. It likes the deep woods in winter, but in summer 

 it wants to be on open, preferably cultivated, land. When most 

 of the states were covered with tree growth the Redhead's home 

 was on the towering giants with which the woods were richly 

 sprinkled. With the partial clearing of the land it did not 

 disappear from sight, as most woodland birds are bound to do, 

 but on the contrary became for a time more numerous, appar- 

 ently at least, especially where deadenings existed or trees and 

 stumps were left standing in the field or as bulwarks against the 

 encroachments of the creeks. It seems to be thankful for the 



