140 Gleanings from the 



" The pinke, the primrofe, cowflip, and daffadilly, 



The hare-bell blue, the crimfon cullumbine, 

 Sage, lettis, parfley, and the milke-white lilly, 



The rofe and fpeckled flower cald fops-in-wine : 

 Fine pretie king-cups and the yellow bootes 

 That growes by rivers and by lhallow brookes. 



" And many thoufand moe I cannot name 



Of hearbs and flowers that in garden grow." 1 



The ars topiaria^ which cuts box, yews, hollies, 

 and the like into the femblance of peacocks or 

 grotefque monfters, is ufually regarded as the 

 main feature of the love for gardening which fet 

 in after the Reftoration, but in truth it was but 

 the revival of a Roman cuftom. Topiarius is the 

 only name by which an ornamental gardener was 

 known in good Latin authors. 2 Pliny fays that 

 the cyprefs, with its fmall tender evergreen leaf, 

 readily lent itfelf to the defigns of this functionary, 

 whether it was required to reprefent hunting- 

 fcenes or fleets. The periwinkle's evergreen trailers 

 were alfo prefled into his fervice. Similarly the 

 acanthus was a " topiaria et urbana herba" Thefe 

 citations mow that we have adopted a part for the 

 whole of what was anciently the topiarian's duty, 

 viz., the cutting and trimming of ihrubs ; and to 

 this the topiarian art is now confined. Pope's 

 paper in the Guardian, Sept. 29, iyi3, 3 at once 

 fwept away the artificial greeneries then in vogue 



1 "The Affectionate Shepherd" (Percy Society, vol. xx. } 

 1846, p. 12). 



2 See "Did. of Greek and Roman Antiq.," fub voc. y 

 " Hortus," and references there. 



3 "On the Art of Gardening," p. 6i> by Mrs. Fofter 

 (Satchell, 1 88 1). 



