154 Gleanings from the 



leporaria, which were enclofures holding not 

 merely hares for the purpofe of hunting, but even 

 wild boars. Thefe enclofures (refembling the 

 Perfian paradifes), were also called roboraria, from 

 their ftrong oak palings. 1 



Such was the enthufiafm for hunting under the 

 early Casfars that Juvenal fatirizes the noble 

 matron who with naked breaft like an Amazon 

 meets the rum of a wild boar and transfixes him 

 with her fpear (i. 22). Nets and enclofures for 

 deer were frequent in England fo early as the 

 Conqueft. Roe-deer were thus taken in Lan- 

 cafhire, as we learn from " Domefday Book," 

 where a certain Roger had a " haia capreolis 

 capiendis." 2 Mr. Harting explains this pafTage 

 thus : " The ' haia/ ' haye,' or * haie,' as it is 

 varioufly fpelled, properly fignified the hedge or 

 fence enclofing a foreft or park, but by an eafy 

 metonymy the word was transferred from the en- 

 clofing fence to the area enclofed by it. In the 

 cafe of the roe-deer it doubtlefs implied an en- 

 clofed area, into which the animals were driven, 

 and having outlets here and there acrofs which 

 nets were hung for their entanglement and cap- 

 ture." In the Middle Ages thefe enclofures were 

 called parci or Jaltatoria. A ftrong infufion of 

 the hunting element came into England with the 

 Northmen, whofe two chief amufements were 

 fighting and hunting. Everyone will remember 



1 See a difcuflion on thefe terms in Aulus Gellius, ii. 20. 



2 See a good paper on the " Roe Deer," Pop. Science Review, 

 April, 1 88 1, p. 138. 



