GLOSSARY OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES. 



375 



Hyaline (Gr. hualos, crystal). The pel- 

 lucid substance which determines the 

 spontaneous fission of cells. 



Hydra (Gr. hudra, a water serpent). The 

 modern generic name of certain fresh 

 water polypes. 



Hydrogen (Gr. hydor, water; gemmce, I 

 produce). A gas forming one of the 

 components of water and atmospheric 

 air. 



Infusoria. The class of animalcules 

 which abound in vegetable and animal 

 infusions. 



Lamellibr ancMata (L. lamella, a plate ; 

 branchiae, gills). The class of acepha- 

 lous molluscs, with gills in the form of 

 membraneous plates, of which the 

 oyster and mussel are familiar ex- 

 amples. 



Larva (L. larva, a mask). Applied to an 

 insect in its first active state, which is 

 generally different from, and, as it were, 

 masks the ulterior form. 



Ligament. A membrane close by the 

 hinge which connects the valves. 



Mantle. The external soft, contractile 

 skin of the mollusca, which covers the 

 viscera and a great part of the body 

 like a cloak. 



Macroura (Gr. rnakros, long; our a, a 

 tail). A tribe of ten- footed Crustacea 

 (as the Lobster, Cray-fish), which have 

 long tails. 



Medusse. A genus or family of soft 

 radiated animals or Acalephse, so called 

 because their organs of motion and 

 prehension are spread out like the 

 snaky hair of the fabled medusa. 



Molecules. Microscopic particles of 

 matter. 



Mollusc Mollusca (L. moilis, soft). 

 The primary division of the animal 

 kingdom. It contains most shell-fish, 

 slugs, &c. 



Monograph (Gr. monos, one; grapho, I 

 write). A written description of a 

 single thing, or class of things. 



Multivalve (L. multus, many; valvce, 

 folding doors). Shells composed of 

 many pieces or valves, as the Chiton. 



Nudibranchiate (L. nudus, naked; 

 branchice, gills). An order of gastero- 

 pods, in which the gills are exposed, as 

 the Eolis, Doris, <fcc. 



Oxygen. A gas which is one of the con- 

 stituent parts of water and of atmo- 

 spheric air. It is essential to animal life. 



Oviparous (L. ovum, an egg; pario, I 

 bring forth). The animals which bring 

 forth eggs. 



Operculum (from the Latin for lid). Ap- 

 plied to the horny or shelly plate which 

 closes certain univalve shells, as the 

 Whelk, Periwinkle, &c. 



Papillae (L. papilla, a nipple). Soft pro- 

 minences which resemble in form the 

 teats of animals. 



Palpi (L. palpo, I touch). The organs of 

 touch commonly called 'feelers,' de- 

 veloped from the labium and maxillae 

 of insects. 



Pectinated (L.pecten, a comb). Toothed 

 like a comb. 



Physograde (Gr.physis, air; gradior, I 

 advance). The acalephes that swim by 

 means of air-bladders. 



Phytophagous (Gr. phuton, a plant; 

 phago, I eat). Plant-eating animals. 



Pulmonigrade (L. pulmo, a lung ; gra- 

 dior, I walk). The tribe of Medusae 

 which swim by contraction of the re- 

 spiratory disc. 



Rotifera (L. rota, a wheel ;/m>, I bear). 

 The name of a class of infusorial ani- 

 malcules, characterized by the vibra- 

 tile and apparently rotating ciliary 

 organs upon the heads. 



Khodospermes. The red-coloured sea- 

 weeds. 



Serrated (L. serra, a saw). Toothed like 



a saw. 



Sessile. Attached by a base. 

 Silicious (L. silex, a flint). Flinty. 

 Setse. Bristles, or similar 'parts. 

 Spicula (L. spiculum, a point or dart). 



Fine-pointed bodies, like needles. 



Tuberculate. Warty, or carved with 

 small rounded knobs. 



